Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability exists in multiple Keysight Ixia Vision products due to the use of a hardcoded, default security certificate. This weakness could allow an attacker to intercept and decrypt sensitive network traffic, such as user credentials and API data, if the default certificate has not been replaced. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized device access and a compromise of data confidentiality and integrity.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-24525

Affected Software: Keysight Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: This vulnerability, known as the "Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key" (CWE-321), stems from Keysight Ixia Vision devices being shipped with a default, static TLS certificate and its corresponding private key. Because this cryptographic key is identical across all devices, an attacker who extracts the key from one device or firmware image can impersonate any other vulnerable device. An attacker in a position to intercept network traffic (e.g., a Man-in-the-Middle attack) can use this key to decrypt communications to the device's management interface, exposing sensitive information like user authentication credentials and API payloads in cleartext.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.5. Successful exploitation could lead to the complete compromise of the affected network visibility device. The primary business impacts include the loss of confidentiality of sensitive network and administrative data, potential for unauthorized configuration changes, and loss of integrity of the monitoring infrastructure. An attacker could gain administrative access, pivot to other network segments, or disable security monitoring, directly impacting the organization's security posture and operational capabilities.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply vendor security updates immediately. The most critical step is to replace the default TLS certificate that shipped with the device with a unique, trusted certificate (e.g., one issued by an internal Certificate Authority or a trusted public CA). After patching, review access logs for any signs of unauthorized or anomalous activity that may have occurred prior to remediation.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor network traffic for signs of Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks or unexpected certificate errors related to the affected devices. Review device and authentication logs for unusual login patterns, such as repeated failed attempts or successful logins from untrusted IP addresses. Monitor for any unauthorized API calls or configuration changes on the Ixia Vision appliances.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls:

• Restrict network access to the device's management interface to a dedicated and secured management VLAN or subnet.
• Use a firewall to limit access to the device's management ports from only authorized administrative workstations.
• Manually replace the default TLS certificate, even before a patch is applied, to immediately mitigate the primary attack vector.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of October 1, 2025, there is no known public proof-of-concept exploit or active exploitation in the wild. However, vulnerabilities involving hardcoded cryptographic material are trivial to exploit once the key is discovered and published. It is highly probable that threat actors will reverse-engineer the vendor patch to extract the key, increasing the likelihood of future exploitation.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability presents a significant risk and requires immediate attention. We strongly recommend that all system owners identify affected Keysight Ixia Vision devices and prioritize the deployment of vendor-supplied patches and the replacement of default TLS certificates. Although this vulnerability is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its high CVSS score and the simplicity of exploitation post-key-discovery warrant treating it with urgency. Proactive implementation of the remediation and monitoring controls outlined above is critical to prevent potential compromise.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in Akinsoft e-Mutabakat allows an unauthenticated attacker to circumvent login controls and gain unauthorized access to sensitive financial reconciliation data.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-2417

Affected Software: Akinsoft e-Mutabakat

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for affected versions

Vulnerability: The application is vulnerable due to an improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts. This allows an attacker to perform brute-force attacks against user accounts without being rate-limited or locked out, enabling them to eventually guess a valid password and bypass authentication.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated High with a CVSS score of 8.6. Successful exploitation would grant an attacker access to confidential financial data, including account balances, transaction records, and partner information. This could lead to financial fraud, data theft, and severe regulatory and compliance violations.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply the security patch provided by Akinsoft immediately. If patching is not immediately possible, use firewall rules to restrict access to the login page to authorized personnel only.

Proactive Monitoring: Review authentication logs for patterns of brute-force attacks, such as numerous failed logins from a single IP. Alert on any suspicious successful logins, especially those originating from unusual locations.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to enforce rate limiting and IP-based blocking on the authentication endpoint. Enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all users to provide an additional layer of security.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of September 4, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation. This is another instance in a series of critical authentication vulnerabilities affecting the Akinsoft product suite, demanding a comprehensive review of all deployed Akinsoft software.

Analyst Recommendation

A flaw that allows unauthorized access to a financial reconciliation system is a critical risk. Administrators must prioritize the immediate deployment of the vendor's patch for Akinsoft e-Mutabakat to prevent potential financial fraud and a severe data breach.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in multiple Akinsoft QR Menu products. This flaw allows an attacker to make unlimited login attempts without being blocked, which can lead to an authentication bypass through brute-force attacks. Successful exploitation could grant an attacker unauthorized access to the system, potentially leading to data theft, service disruption, and reputational damage.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-2412

Affected Software: Akinsoft QR Menu Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts. The application's login interface fails to implement protective mechanisms such as rate limiting, account lockouts, or CAPTCHA after a certain number of failed login attempts. An attacker can exploit this by using automated tools to systematically guess usernames and passwords (a brute-force attack) until a valid combination is found, thereby bypassing authentication and gaining unauthorized access to the application.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.6. Successful exploitation could have a significant business impact by allowing an unauthorized user to gain administrative access to the QR Menu system. Potential consequences include the modification of menu items and pricing, theft of customer or order data, defacement of the public-facing menu, and disruption of business operations. This could lead to direct financial loss, regulatory fines related to data breaches, and severe damage to the organization's reputation.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply vendor security updates immediately across all affected systems to patch the vulnerability. Prioritize patching for systems that are exposed to the internet. After patching, review access logs for any signs of successful or attempted brute-force attacks that may have occurred prior to remediation.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should actively monitor authentication logs for an abnormally high volume of failed login attempts, especially from a single IP address or user account. Configure alerts for suspicious login patterns, such as logins from unusual geographic locations or outside of normal business hours. Monitor for any unauthorized changes to user accounts or system configurations.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following compensating controls:

• Place a Web Application Firewall (WAF) in front of the application with rules configured to rate-limit login requests from a single IP address.
• Restrict access to the application's administrative interface to trusted IP addresses or internal networks only.
• Enforce Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for all user accounts if the application supports it.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of September 1, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, vulnerabilities of this type are relatively simple to exploit, and threat actors are likely to develop tools to target them quickly.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 8.6 and the direct path to authentication bypass, it is strongly recommended that organizations prioritize the immediate application of the vendor-supplied security patches. Although this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA KEV list, its severity and the ease of exploitation make it a critical risk. If patching is delayed, the implementation of compensating controls, such as WAF-based rate-limiting and access control restrictions, is essential to mitigate the risk of a compromise.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in Akinsoft TaskPano allows an unauthenticated attacker to gain unauthorized access to the task management system by defeating login protections.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-2411

Affected Software: Akinsoft TaskPano

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for affected versions

Vulnerability: The application fails to properly restrict excessive authentication attempts. This lack of rate limiting or account lockout mechanisms allows an attacker to systematically guess user credentials via a brute-force attack, eventually leading to an authentication bypass.

Business Impact

Rated High with a CVSS score of 8.6, this vulnerability exposes sensitive project and task management data to unauthorized access. An attacker could view, modify, or delete tasks, access confidential project documents, and disrupt business workflows. This could lead to intellectual property theft, project delays, and operational chaos.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately apply the vendor-supplied security patch for Akinsoft TaskPano. If patching is delayed, restrict network access to the login interface to only trusted internal networks or VPN users.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor authentication logs for high volumes of failed login attempts. Implement alerting to notify administrators of potential brute-force attacks in progress.

Compensating Controls: Place a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy in front of the application to enforce strict rate limits on login attempts. Enforce a strong password policy and multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all users.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of September 4, 2025, there is no evidence of active exploitation. This vulnerability is consistent with other authentication flaws found in Akinsoft products, suggesting a recurring pattern that attackers may seek to exploit.

Analyst Recommendation

This authentication bypass vulnerability represents a fundamental failure in the application's security. It is imperative that administrators patch Akinsoft TaskPano immediately to prevent unauthorized access and protect sensitive business and project data from compromise.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in multiple products from Verisay Communication. This flaw allows an attacker to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by users, which could lead to the theft of sensitive session information, user credentials, or the execution of unauthorized actions on behalf of the victim.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-2406

Affected Software: Verisay Communication Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists because the affected applications do not properly sanitize user-supplied input before it is rendered on a web page. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious payload, typically containing JavaScript, and delivering it to a victim (e.g., via a crafted URL or a form submission). When the victim's browser processes the page, the malicious script executes within the context of the trusted application, granting the attacker access to the victim's session cookies, local storage, and other sensitive data, or allowing the attacker to perform actions as the user.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.6. Successful exploitation poses a significant risk to the organization and its users. The potential consequences include the compromise of user accounts, session hijacking, theft of confidential data displayed within the application, and unauthorized system access. This could lead to financial loss, reputational damage, and a loss of customer trust. Furthermore, attackers could leverage this flaw to deface the web application or redirect users to phishing or malware-hosting websites.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary and most effective remediation is to apply the security updates provided by Verisay Communication to all affected products immediately. Before and after patching, system administrators should actively monitor web server and application logs for any signs of attempted exploitation.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should configure monitoring to detect and alert on suspicious web requests. This includes searching web application firewall (WAF), web server, and application logs for common XSS payloads, such as requests containing <script>, onerror=, onload=, or other HTML/JavaScript code within input parameters. Monitor for unusual account activity that could indicate session hijacking.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, the following compensating controls can help mitigate risk:

• Implement or enhance a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block XSS attack patterns.
• Enforce a strict Content Security Policy (CSP) to limit the sources from which scripts can be executed, thereby preventing the execution of unauthorized inline scripts.
• Conduct a security review of user input validation and output encoding practices across all web applications.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: False

Analyst Notes: As of December 27, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, given the common nature of XSS vulnerabilities, threat actors can easily develop exploits for targeted attacks.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 7.6) of this vulnerability, we strongly recommend that the organization prioritizes the immediate deployment of the vendor-supplied security patches across all affected systems. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its potential impact on user data and account integrity presents a significant risk. If patching is delayed for any reason, the compensating controls outlined above, particularly the use of a WAF, should be implemented as an urgent interim measure.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in multiple Verisay Communication products. This flaw allows an attacker to inject malicious code into web pages, which then executes in the browsers of unsuspecting users, potentially leading to session hijacking, data theft, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the user. Organizations are urged to apply vendor-supplied security patches immediately to mitigate the risk of compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-2405

Affected Software: Verisay Communication Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation, commonly known as Cross-site Scripting (XSS). An attacker can exploit this by crafting a special link or submitting a form containing malicious scripts (e.g., JavaScript). When a victim clicks the link or views the page with the malicious content, the script executes within the context of their browser session. This allows the attacker to bypass same-origin policy controls and access sensitive information like session cookies and credentials, or to manipulate the web page content and functionality.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.6. Successful exploitation could have significant business impacts, including the compromise of user accounts, theft of sensitive personal or financial data, and unauthorized access to application functions. This can lead to reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and potential regulatory fines. An attacker could also use this vulnerability to deface the web application or pivot to launch further attacks against users and the organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the security updates provided by Verisay Communication to all affected products immediately. After patching, it is crucial to review web server and application access logs for any signs of prior exploitation attempts.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should actively monitor web server logs for suspicious requests containing common XSS payloads, such as HTML tags (<script>, <img>), event handlers (onerror, onload), or encoded script characters. Implement alerting for unusual patterns in user-input fields or URL parameters that may indicate an exploitation attempt.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, organizations should implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block XSS attack patterns. Additionally, enforcing a strict Content Security Policy (CSP) can serve as a strong mitigating control by restricting the sources from which scripts can be executed.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 27, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, XSS vulnerabilities are well-understood, and proof-of-concept exploits can be developed quickly by threat actors once a vulnerability is disclosed.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 7.6, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the organization. While it is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its severity warrants immediate attention. We strongly recommend that all affected Verisay Communication products are identified and patched on a priority basis to prevent potential account compromise and data theft. If patching is delayed, compensating controls such as a WAF should be implemented without delay.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in multiple WPExperts Post SMTP products, a popular WordPress plugin for handling email. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to bypass security checks and gain unauthorized access to the website's administrative functions. Successful exploitation could lead to a complete compromise of the affected website, resulting in data theft, website defacement, or the distribution of malware.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-24000

Affected Software: WPExperts Post SMTP Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an authentication bypass that exists due to an alternate path or channel within the Post SMTP plugin. An unauthenticated attacker can craft a specific HTTP request to a particular plugin endpoint or file that fails to properly enforce authentication and authorization checks. By exploiting this flaw, the attacker can perform privileged actions, such as modifying plugin settings, viewing sensitive email logs, or potentially escalating their privileges to a full WordPress administrator, without needing valid credentials.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A successful exploit could have a significant negative impact on the business. An attacker gaining administrative control over a WordPress site can lead to severe consequences, including theft of sensitive customer or business data, reputational damage from website defacement or spam campaigns launched from the compromised domain, and financial loss due to business disruption or cleanup costs. The vulnerability places the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the entire website at critical risk.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately apply the security updates provided by the vendor, WPExperts, to all affected WordPress instances. After patching, review web server and WordPress access logs for any signs of unauthorized access or suspicious activity targeting Post SMTP plugin files or functionalities.

Proactive Monitoring: Configure monitoring to specifically watch for unusual or direct requests to files within the /wp-content/plugins/post-smtp/ directory. Monitor for unexpected changes to SMTP settings within the WordPress dashboard or the wp_options table in the database. Security teams should be alerted to any attempts to access administrative functions from unknown IP addresses.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, consider implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to block malicious requests targeting the vulnerable Post SMTP endpoints. Another temporary measure is to restrict access to the WordPress administrative area (e.g., /wp-admin/) to trusted IP addresses. If business impact is acceptable, temporarily disabling the Post SMTP plugin will mitigate the threat until it can be patched.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of the publication date of August 8, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the high severity and the popularity of the plugin, security researchers and threat actors are likely to analyze the patch and develop exploits rapidly. The vulnerability is not currently listed on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation
Given the high CVSS score of 8.8 and the critical impact of an authentication bypass, this vulnerability represents a significant threat to any organization using the affected products. We strongly recommend that all available patches be applied on an emergency basis, without waiting for a standard patch cycle. Although there is no evidence of active exploitation at this time, the risk of a full site compromise is too high to ignore, and proactive remediation is essential to prevent a future security incident.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in multiple Rakessh products, which could allow an attacker to execute malicious code within a user's web browser. Successful exploitation occurs when a user clicks a specially crafted link, potentially leading to the theft of session credentials, sensitive data, or unauthorized actions performed on the user's behalf. Organizations are advised to apply vendor-supplied security updates immediately to mitigate this risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-23458

Affected Software: Rakessh Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) flaw within the Rakessh Ads24 Lite product. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before embedding it into a web page. An attacker can craft a malicious URL containing a JavaScript payload and trick a victim into clicking it. When the victim's browser sends the request to the server, the server "reflects" the malicious script back to the browser as part of the HTML response, causing the script to execute in the context of the trusted website.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.1. Exploitation could lead to significant business impacts, including the compromise of user accounts through session hijacking, theft of sensitive information entered into web forms, and redirection of users to malicious websites for phishing or malware delivery. These outcomes can result in direct financial loss, reputational damage, and a loss of customer trust in the organization's web services.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply vendor security updates immediately across all affected Rakessh products. After patching, monitor web server and application logs for any signs of past or ongoing exploitation attempts.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should configure monitoring to detect potential XSS attacks. This includes analyzing web server access logs for requests containing suspicious URL parameters, such as HTML tags (<script>, <img>), JavaScript event handlers (onerror, onload), or URL-encoded script characters. Web Application Firewall (WAF) logs should also be reviewed for alerts related to XSS signatures.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with a robust ruleset designed to detect and block XSS attack patterns. Additionally, enforcing a strict Content Security Policy (CSP) on the web server can help prevent browsers from executing unauthorized inline scripts, thereby mitigating the impact of a successful XSS injection.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 30, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, Reflected XSS vulnerabilities are generally well-understood, and proof-of-concept exploits can be developed with relative ease by threat actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the High severity rating (CVSS 7.1), it is strongly recommended that organizations prioritize the immediate application of the security patches provided by Rakessh. While this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its potential for user account compromise presents a significant risk. If patching is delayed, compensating controls such as a WAF and a strict Content Security Policy should be implemented as an urgent interim measure.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity denial of service vulnerability has been identified in Socomec DIRIS Digiware M-70 devices. An unauthenticated attacker on the network can exploit this flaw to crash the device's Modbus service, disrupting monitoring and control capabilities and potentially impacting operational visibility of critical power systems.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-23417

Affected Software: Socomec DIRIS Digiware M-70

Affected Versions: Version 1. See vendor advisory for specific affected versions.

Vulnerability: A denial of service vulnerability exists within the Modbus RTU over TCP service. An unauthenticated remote attacker can send specially crafted packets to the listening Modbus TCP port. Successful exploitation causes the service to become unresponsive or crash, preventing legitimate communication and requiring a manual reboot to restore functionality.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.6. Exploitation could lead to a significant loss of availability for power monitoring systems. This would result in a loss of visibility into critical electrical infrastructure, potentially masking operational issues, preventing data collection for compliance, or disrupting automated processes that rely on the device's data. The primary business impact is operational disruption and a temporary loss of critical monitoring and control functions.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the security updates provided by the vendor to all affected devices immediately. Before and after patching, closely monitor device logs and network traffic for any signs of exploitation, such as unexpected reboots or malformed Modbus traffic.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement network monitoring to detect and alert on anomalous traffic patterns targeting the Modbus TCP port (typically 502) on affected devices. Monitor device-level logs for error messages, service crashes, or frequent, unexplained reboots. Establish a baseline of normal Modbus traffic to more easily identify malicious activity.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement network segmentation to isolate the affected devices from general corporate and external networks. Use firewalls or Access Control Lists (ACLs) to strictly limit access to the Modbus TCP port, allowing connections only from trusted management stations or authorized industrial control systems.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 1, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. The vulnerability is not listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, given the high CVSS score and the commonality of Modbus in industrial environments, the development of an exploit by threat actors is a realistic possibility.

Analyst Recommendation
Due to the high severity (CVSS 8.6) of this vulnerability, we strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the immediate application of vendor-supplied security patches to all affected Socomec DIRIS Digiware M-70 devices. If patching must be delayed, the compensating controls outlined above, particularly network segmentation and access control rules, should be implemented without delay to mitigate risk. Although there is no evidence of active exploitation, the potential for operational disruption warrants urgent attention.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in the NVIDIA NVApp installer for Windows, designated CVE-2025-23358. This flaw allows a local attacker who has already gained initial access to a system to escalate their privileges by executing malicious code, potentially leading to a full system compromise. Organizations are urged to apply the necessary security updates provided by NVIDIA to mitigate this risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-23358

Affected Software: NVIDIA Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within the NVIDIA NVApp installer for Windows due to an uncontrolled search path element issue, commonly known as DLL hijacking. An attacker with local user access can place a specially crafted malicious DLL file in a location that the installer searches before the legitimate directory. When a privileged user or the system runs the installer, it inadvertently loads and executes the attacker's malicious DLL, granting the attacker's code the same high-level permissions as the installer, typically SYSTEM-level privileges.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.2. While exploitation requires an attacker to have prior local access to a machine, it provides a direct path for privilege escalation. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to bypass security controls, install persistent malware or ransomware, exfiltrate sensitive data, and gain complete control over the affected system. This poses a significant risk of data breaches, operational disruption, and compromise of critical assets within the organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Apply the security updates released by NVIDIA to all affected Windows systems immediately.
• Prioritize patching on multi-user systems and critical servers where local access by different users is common.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Monitor for suspicious process creation originating from the NVIDIA installer executable.
• Use Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools to look for unexpected DLL loads by the installer process, especially from user-writable directories.
• Review system and application logs for unauthorized file creation or modification in system-wide search path directories immediately preceding the execution of the NVIDIA installer.

Compensating Controls:

• If immediate patching is not feasible, implement application whitelisting (e.g., AppLocker) to prevent the execution of unauthorized DLLs.
• Restrict user write permissions in directories included in the system's search path.
• Ensure that installers are only executed from trusted, read-only locations.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 4, 2025, there are no known public exploits for this vulnerability, and it is not listed on the CISA KEV catalog. Local privilege escalation vulnerabilities are typically used by attackers post-compromise as part of a larger attack chain to deepen their foothold within a network. The lack of public exploits does not diminish the severity, as threat actors may develop private exploits for targeted attacks.

Analyst Recommendation
Given the high severity (CVSS 8.2) and the potential for complete system compromise, it is strongly recommended that organizations prioritize the deployment of NVIDIA's security updates across all vulnerable endpoints. Although this vulnerability requires local access and is not currently known to be actively exploited, it represents a critical link in potential attack chains. Prompt patching is the most effective measure to close this security gap and prevent attackers from escalating privileges within the environment.