Executive Summary:
A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in Gila CMS versions prior to 2.0.0, allowing unauthenticated attackers to gain complete control of the server. By sending a specially crafted web request with malicious code in the HTTP User-Agent header, an attacker can execute arbitrary commands on the system. This can lead to a full system compromise, data theft, and deployment of malware.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2021-47900

Affected Software: Gila CMS

Affected Versions: All versions prior to 2.0.0

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a Remote Code Execution (RCE) flaw that allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject and execute arbitrary PHP code. The flaw exists in how the application processes HTTP headers, specifically the User-Agent header, for requests sent to the admin endpoint. An attacker can craft a request where the User-Agent header contains a malicious PHP payload (e.g., utilizing shell_exec()). When the Gila CMS application logs or processes this header, it improperly executes the embedded PHP code, leading to the execution of system commands with the privileges of the web server process.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical with a CVSS score of 9.8, representing a severe risk to the organization. A successful exploit grants an attacker complete control over the affected web server, which can lead to theft of sensitive data, website defacement, service disruption, or the installation of ransomware. The compromised server could also be used as a foothold to launch further attacks against the internal network, escalating the incident's impact. This poses a significant threat to business operations, data confidentiality, and organizational reputation.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to immediately upgrade all instances of Gila CMS to version 2.0.0 or the latest available version. After patching, it is critical to review web server access logs for any signs of prior exploitation, such as unusual requests to the admin endpoint or suspicious User-Agent strings.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring of web server access logs, specifically looking for requests with malicious-looking User-Agent strings containing PHP functions like shell_exec(), system(), passthru(), or eval(). Monitor for unexpected outbound network connections from the web server and use file integrity monitoring (FIM) to detect unauthorized changes to application files.

Compensating Controls: If patching is not immediately possible, deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules to inspect and block malicious payloads within HTTP headers. Restrict access to the Gila CMS admin endpoint (/admin) to trusted IP addresses only. Ensure the web server process runs with the least privilege necessary to limit the potential impact of a compromise.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: True

Analyst Notes: As of Jan 27, 2026, proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit code is publicly available for this vulnerability. The ease of exploitation (requiring no authentication) and the high impact make it a prime target for opportunistic attackers. Although this CVE is not currently listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, any internet-facing, unpatched Gila CMS instance should be considered at immediate risk of compromise.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity (CVSS 9.8) of this unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability and the public availability of exploit code, immediate action is imperative. Organizations must prioritize patching all vulnerable Gila CMS instances to version 2.0.0 or later without delay. Due to the high likelihood of automated scanning and exploitation, all internet-facing installations should be considered compromised until patched and thoroughly investigated for indicators of compromise.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in Textpattern CMS versions prior to 4.0.0, assigned a CVSS score of 8.8. This flaw could allow a remote attacker to compromise the web server, potentially leading to a complete system takeover, data theft, or service disruption. Organizations using affected versions of Textpattern are at significant risk and should apply security updates immediately.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2021-47888

Affected Software: prior Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Textpattern versions prior to 4.0.0

Vulnerability: This vulnerability exists within the Textpattern content management system (CMS). Based on the high CVSS score, the flaw likely allows for remote code execution (RCE) or a critical SQL injection. An unauthenticated remote attacker could potentially exploit this by sending a specially crafted request to the affected server, bypassing security controls to execute arbitrary commands, manipulate the database, or upload malicious files. Successful exploitation does not require user interaction or special privileges, making it a critical threat to internet-facing servers.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A successful exploit could have a severe impact on the business, including the complete compromise of the web server. Potential consequences include theft of sensitive data (such as customer information, credentials, or intellectual property), website defacement, reputational damage, and financial loss. The compromised server could also be used as a pivot point to launch further attacks against the internal network or to host malicious content.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the vendor-provided security updates to upgrade Textpattern to version 4.0.0 or a later, patched version. All internet-facing systems running the affected software should be prioritized for immediate patching. After patching, it is crucial to review access and error logs for any signs of compromise that may have occurred before the update was applied.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should actively monitor web server logs for unusual or malformed requests, particularly those targeting core application files or plugins. Monitor for unexpected processes running on the server, unauthorized file modifications, and suspicious outbound network traffic. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems should be configured with rules to detect potential RCE or SQL injection attempts.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement compensating controls to reduce the risk. Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to block common web attack patterns. Restrict administrative access to the Textpattern backend to trusted IP addresses only. Ensure the web application runs with the principle of least privilege to limit the impact of a potential compromise.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of January 25, 2026, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, given the high severity (CVSS 8.8), it is highly probable that proof-of-concept exploits will be developed and released by security researchers or malicious actors. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 8.8, this vulnerability represents a critical risk to the organization. We strongly recommend that all systems running affected versions of Textpattern be patched immediately without delay. Although there is no evidence of active exploitation at this time, the severity of the vulnerability means that it is a prime target for attackers. Prioritize this patching activity above routine updates to prevent potential server compromise and data breaches.

Executive Summary:
A critical denial of service vulnerability exists in the GeoGebra CAS Calculator application. An attacker can exploit this flaw by simply pasting a long string of text into the input field, which causes a buffer overflow and forces the application to crash. This can lead to a loss of productivity and potential loss of unsaved work for users relying on the software.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2021-47875

Affected Software: GeoGebra CAS Calculator Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Version 6.0.631.0 is confirmed to be vulnerable. See vendor advisory for a complete list of specific affected versions.

Vulnerability: The application is susceptible to a buffer overflow condition within its input handling function. When a user pastes an unexpectedly large amount of data (e.g., 8000 repeated characters) into the calculator's input field, the application fails to properly validate the input size. This oversized input overwrites adjacent memory buffers, leading to memory corruption and causing the application to terminate unexpectedly, resulting in a denial of service.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8, primarily due to the ease of exploitation and complete loss of availability for the application. Exploitation will immediately crash the GeoGebra application, interrupting user workflows and causing a loss of any unsaved data. For organizations that rely on this software for educational, engineering, or mathematical purposes, this can lead to significant productivity disruptions and operational delays.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update all instances of GeoGebra CAS Calculator to the latest version provided by the vendor. This is the most effective way to permanently resolve the vulnerability.

Proactive Monitoring: System administrators should monitor application and system event logs for crash reports or unexpected terminations of the GeoGebra.exe process. Any correlation between application crashes and user input actions should be investigated as a potential exploitation attempt.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement user awareness training to advise employees against pasting content from untrusted sources into the application. Application control policies can also be used to restrict the execution of known vulnerable versions of the software until they can be updated.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Jan 21, 2026, the method to trigger this vulnerability is publicly known and trivial to execute, requiring no specialized tools. An attacker only needs to craft a long string of characters and paste it. While the vulnerability is not currently listed on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its simplicity makes it a potential target for nuisance or disruption attacks.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity (CVSS 9.8) and the trivial nature of the exploit, it is strongly recommended that organizations prioritize the immediate deployment of the vendor-supplied patches to all affected systems. Although this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, the low barrier to exploitation presents a significant risk of service disruption. All workstations with GeoGebra CAS Calculator installed should be identified and updated without delay.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability, identified as CVE-2021-47862, has been discovered in multiple products from the vendor Rez. Successful exploitation of this flaw could allow a remote attacker to compromise affected systems, potentially leading to unauthorized access, data theft, or service disruption. Organizations are advised to take immediate action to apply security updates and mitigate this significant risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2021-47862

Affected Software: Rez Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The provided description, "Hi-Rez Studios 5," lacks specific technical details about the vulnerability's nature. However, a CVSS score of 7.8 indicates a high-severity flaw. This type of vulnerability typically allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code, escalate privileges, or access sensitive information on the affected system. Exploitation would likely involve sending specially crafted data to a vulnerable component of the Rez software, potentially leading to a full system compromise without significant user interaction.

Business Impact

This vulnerability presents a high risk to the organization, as indicated by the CVSS score of 7.8 (High severity). Successful exploitation could lead to significant business disruption, including the compromise of sensitive customer data, reputational damage, and potential financial loss. An attacker could leverage this flaw to disrupt services, cheat within the game environment, or use compromised systems as a pivot point for further attacks into the corporate network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the security updates provided by Rez to all affected products without delay. After patching, it is crucial to monitor systems for any signs of compromise that may have occurred before the patch was applied, including reviewing relevant system and application access logs for suspicious activity.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement enhanced monitoring on affected systems. Security teams should look for unusual network traffic patterns, unexpected processes or service behavior, and unauthorized access attempts in authentication logs. Configure security information and event management (SIEM) systems to alert on any activity that matches known indicators of compromise (IOCs) related to this vulnerability, should they become available.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, consider implementing compensating controls to reduce the attack surface. This may include restricting network access to the vulnerable components, implementing stricter firewall rules to limit traffic from untrusted sources, or deploying an Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) with virtual patching capabilities to block known exploit patterns.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of the publication date of this analysis (January 22, 2026), there are no known public exploits for this vulnerability. The vulnerability is not listed on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, indicating no widespread, active exploitation has been observed in the wild. However, given the high severity, the development of an exploit by threat actors is a significant possibility.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the high severity rating of this vulnerability, immediate remediation is strongly recommended. Although there is no evidence of active exploitation at this time, the potential impact of a successful attack is significant. Organizations must prioritize the deployment of vendor-supplied patches across all affected systems to prevent potential compromise.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in DD-WRT firmware, a popular software used on many network routers and devices. This flaw allows a remote attacker to take complete control of an affected device by sending a specially crafted network packet, without needing any username or password. Successful exploitation could lead to a full network compromise, data theft, and significant operational disruption.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2021-47854

Affected Software: DD-WRT

Affected Versions: DD-WRT version 45723 and potentially prior versions. See vendor advisory for specific affected products.

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is a classic buffer overflow within the Universal Plug and Play (UPNP) network discovery service. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can send a specially crafted UPNP M-SEARCH discovery packet over the network to a vulnerable device. By embedding an overly long universally unique identifier (UUID) string in this packet, the attacker can cause the UPNP service to write data beyond the allocated buffer space on the stack, leading to a crash or, more critically, allowing the execution of arbitrary code with the privileges of the UPNP service, which is often root.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. A successful exploit would have a severe business impact, as it allows for a complete takeover of a core network device like a router or firewall. Potential consequences include the ability for an attacker to intercept all network traffic, gain access to sensitive internal systems, install persistent backdoors, disrupt network availability, and use the compromised device as a pivot point for further attacks or to enlist it in a botnet. The compromise of a network gateway device effectively compromises the security perimeter of the entire organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Identify all devices running the vulnerable version of DD-WRT and immediately update the firmware to the latest patched version as recommended by the vendor. After patching, review system logs and monitor network traffic for any signs of pre-existing compromise or ongoing exploitation attempts.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS/NIPS): Implement signatures to detect and block malformed UPNP M-SEARCH packets, specifically those with oversized UUID fields, targeting UDP port 1900.
• Log Analysis: Monitor device logs for any crashes or unexpected restarts of the UPNP daemon (upnpd).
• Network Traffic Analysis: Watch for anomalous outbound traffic from network devices, which could indicate a successful compromise and communication with a command-and-control server.

Compensating Controls:
If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls to mitigate risk:

• Disable UPNP: The most effective control is to disable the UPNP service on all vulnerable devices. UPNP is often not required for business-critical functions and presents a significant security risk.
• Firewall Rules: Block all inbound traffic to UDP port 1900 at the network edge to prevent external attackers from reaching the vulnerable service.
• Network Segmentation: Isolate devices running DD-WRT from critical internal servers and user segments to limit the potential impact of a compromise.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: False

Analyst Notes: As of January 21, 2026, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting CVE-2021-47854. However, given the critical severity (CVSS 9.8), the simplicity of the attack vector, and the widespread use of DD-WRT, it is highly probable that threat actors will develop and deploy exploits for this vulnerability in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the critical 9.8 CVSS score and the potential for complete, unauthenticated remote code execution on network perimeter devices, this vulnerability represents a severe and immediate risk to the organization. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its characteristics make it a prime candidate for future inclusion. We strongly recommend that all affected devices be patched immediately. If patching cannot be performed, the UPNP service must be disabled as a top priority to mitigate this threat.

Executive Summary:
A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in phpPgAdmin, a web-based administration tool for PostgreSQL. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to take complete control of the server hosting the application by sending a specially crafted request. Successful exploitation could lead to a full system compromise, resulting in significant data breaches, service disruption, and unauthorized access to the internal network.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2021-47853

Affected Software: phpPgAdmin Multiple Products

Affected Versions: All versions up to and including 7.13.0

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is an unauthenticated PHP Object Instantiation flaw that leads to remote code execution. The weakness resides in the redirect.php script, which insecurely deserializes user-provided data from the $_COOKIE['PHP_SELF'] variable without proper validation. An attacker can craft a malicious serialized PHP object, place it in this cookie, and send it to the server. When the application processes this cookie, the unserialize() function triggers the malicious object, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying server with the permissions of the web server process.

Business Impact

This is a high-severity vulnerability with a CVSS score of 8.8. Exploitation by an unauthenticated attacker can have severe consequences for the business. A successful attack grants the adversary complete control over the web server, leading to potential data theft of sensitive information stored in the PostgreSQL databases. The compromised server could also be used as a pivot point to launch further attacks against the internal network, disrupt critical business operations, or be leveraged in botnet activities. A public breach resulting from this vulnerability could cause significant reputational damage and potential regulatory fines.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary and most effective remediation is to upgrade all instances of phpPgAdmin to version 7.14.1 or later, which contains the vendor-supplied patch for this vulnerability. After patching, review web server access logs for any signs of prior exploitation attempts, such as unusual requests to redirect.php.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Log Analysis: Scrutinize web server logs for requests to redirect.php containing unusually large or suspicious-looking PHP_SELF cookie values.
• Network Traffic: Monitor for anomalous outbound connections from the phpPgAdmin server, which could indicate a reverse shell or data exfiltration.
• File Integrity Monitoring: Implement file integrity monitoring on the web server to detect the creation of unexpected files (e.g., web shells) in web-accessible directories.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls to reduce risk:

• Access Control: Restrict network access to the phpPgAdmin interface to a limited set of trusted IP addresses, such as an internal administrative network. The interface should never be exposed to the public internet.
• Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a WAF with rules designed to detect and block serialized PHP objects within HTTP cookies.
• Decommissioning: If phpPgAdmin is not essential for operations, consider disabling or uninstalling it to eliminate the attack surface entirely.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of January 22, 2026, multiple public proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits and Metasploit modules are widely available for this vulnerability. Due to the lack of authentication required and the simplicity of exploitation, this vulnerability is actively targeted by threat actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 8.8), the unauthenticated nature of the exploit, and the widespread availability of public exploit code, this vulnerability poses a critical risk to the organization. Immediate patching is the highest priority. All organizations must assume they are a target and should immediately identify and upgrade all vulnerable instances of phpPgAdmin. While this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its characteristics make it a prime candidate for opportunistic and targeted attacks. If patching is delayed for any reason, compensating controls such as strict network access restrictions must be implemented without delay.

Executive Summary:
A critical remote code execution vulnerability has been identified in Mini Mouse products, assigned CVE-2021-47851 with a CVSS score of 9.8. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to remotely execute arbitrary commands on the affected system, potentially leading to a complete system compromise, data theft, or further network intrusion.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2021-47851

Affected Software: Mini Mouse Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Version 9.2.0 is confirmed vulnerable. See vendor advisory for a complete list of affected products and prior versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within an unauthenticated HTTP endpoint, /op=command. An attacker can send a specially crafted JSON request to this endpoint containing malicious script commands. The application fails to properly sanitize or validate this input, leading to the execution of the commands with the privileges of the application's user account, resulting in remote code execution (RCE).

Business Impact

This vulnerability is of critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Successful exploitation could grant an attacker complete control over the affected server, leading to severe business consequences. These include the exfiltration of sensitive company or customer data, deployment of ransomware, disruption of critical services, and using the compromised system as a pivot point to attack other internal network resources. The reputational and financial damage from such an incident would be significant.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Immediately apply the vendor-supplied security updates to upgrade all instances of Mini Mouse to the latest version.
• Review server access logs for any requests to the /op=command endpoint to identify potential past or ongoing exploitation attempts.
• Monitor affected systems for any signs of compromise, such as unusual outbound network traffic or unauthorized processes.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Implement log monitoring rules to generate alerts for any HTTP requests targeting the /op=command endpoint.
• Monitor for unexpected outbound network connections from servers running Mini Mouse, which could indicate a payload download.
• Use endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to watch for suspicious process execution, such as shell commands (sh, bash, cmd.exe, powershell.exe) being spawned by the Mini Mouse application process.

Compensating Controls:

• If immediate patching is not feasible, restrict network access to the affected application. Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy to block all requests to the /op=command endpoint.
• Isolate the affected server in a segmented network zone to limit the potential impact of a compromise on the broader corporate network.
• Ensure the application is running with the lowest possible user privileges to minimize the scope of a potential compromise.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Not publicly known at the time of this report.

Analyst Notes: As of its publication date on January 21, 2026, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. The vulnerability is not listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, due to its critical severity and the simplicity of the attack vector, it is highly likely that threat actors will develop exploits in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the risk of unauthenticated remote code execution, this vulnerability represents a severe and immediate threat to the organization. Although there is no evidence of active exploitation at this time, its high severity makes it a prime target. We strongly recommend that all affected Mini Mouse products be updated to the latest version on an emergency basis to prevent potential compromise.