---METADATA---
VENDOR: Themeum
PRODUCT: Tutor LMS Plugin
AFFECTED_VERSIONS: All versions up to, and including, 3
---END_METADATA---

Description Summary:
The Tutor LMS plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to SQL Injection via the 'coupon_code' parameter, potentially allowing for unauthorized database access.

Executive Summary:
A critical SQL Injection vulnerability in the Tutor LMS plugin for WordPress allows attackers to manipulate database queries, risking the theft of sensitive learner and instructor data.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13673

Affected Software: Themeum Tutor LMS Plugin

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 3

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a SQL Injection flaw located in the 'coupon_code' parameter of the Tutor LMS plugin. This allows an attacker—potentially unauthenticated if the coupon field is accessible on public checkout pages—to inject malicious SQL commands into the database query.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation could lead to the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, including user emails, hashed passwords, and course data. The CVSS score of 7.5 reflects a high severity, as SQL injection can often be used to bypass authentication and gain full control over the application's database.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the Tutor LMS plugin to the latest patched version immediately to resolve the insecure handling of the 'coupon_code' parameter.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor database logs for unusual query patterns or syntax errors associated with the 'coupon_code' field.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection enabled to intercept and block malicious payloads before they reach the application.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of March 1, 2026, there is no public information indicating active exploitation of this vulnerability. However, SQL injection in a popular LMS plugin is a high-value target for attackers looking to harvest user data.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability should be addressed with high priority. Organizations using Tutor LMS must apply the latest update immediately to protect their student and instructor data from unauthorized access and potential theft.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in the Modula Image Gallery plugin for WordPress, assigned a CVSS score of 7.5. This flaw allows an attacker to upload malicious files to a website's server, which can lead to a complete site takeover, theft of sensitive data, and further attacks against the organization's network. Immediate patching is required to mitigate the risk of compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13646

Affected Software: WordPress Multiple Products

Affected Versions: All versions in the 2.x branch of the Modula Image Gallery plugin prior to the patched release. See vendor advisory for specific affected versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within the ajax_unzip_file function of the Modula Image Gallery plugin. The function fails to properly validate the file types contained within an uploaded ZIP archive. An authenticated or unauthenticated attacker (depending on the plugin's configuration) can craft a malicious ZIP file containing an executable script, such as a PHP web shell, and upload it. When the server processes and unzips the archive, the malicious file is extracted onto the server in a web-accessible directory, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code with the permissions of the web server.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.5. Successful exploitation can lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE), resulting in a complete compromise of the affected website. The potential business impacts include, but are not limited to, a significant data breach involving customer or corporate information, reputational damage from website defacement or malware distribution, and financial losses due to operational disruption and incident response costs. A compromised web server can also be used as a pivot point to launch further attacks against internal network resources.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the Modula Image Gallery plugin to the latest patched version as recommended by the vendor. After updating, review all WordPress security settings to ensure they are configured according to best practices. If the plugin is no longer required for business operations, consider deactivating and uninstalling it to reduce the overall attack surface.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server access logs for unusual POST requests to WordPress AJAX endpoints, specifically targeting the ajax_unzip_file function. Implement file integrity monitoring (FIM) to detect the creation of unexpected files (e.g., .php, .phtml) in the WordPress uploads directory. Monitor for anomalous outbound network traffic from the web server, which could indicate a connection to a command-and-control server.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules to inspect and block file uploads containing suspicious file extensions within ZIP archives. Harden file system permissions to prevent the web server process from executing scripts in upload directories. Where possible, temporarily disable the ZIP upload functionality within the plugin until patching can be completed.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 3, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active attacks targeting this vulnerability. However, arbitrary file upload vulnerabilities in popular WordPress plugins are highly sought after by threat actors. It is anticipated that proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits will be developed and integrated into automated scanning tools in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 7.5) of this vulnerability and the potential for complete system compromise through remote code execution, immediate action is required. We strongly recommend that all systems running the affected Modula Image Gallery plugin be patched immediately by updating to the latest version. Although this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its simplicity and high impact make it a prime target for future exploitation. Prioritize patching on all internet-facing WordPress sites without delay to prevent a security breach.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability exists within the Modula Image Gallery plugin for WordPress, allowing an authenticated attacker to delete arbitrary files on the server. Successful exploitation could lead to a complete denial of service by deleting critical system files, causing the entire website to become inoperable and potentially leading to data loss.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13645

Affected Software: Modula Image Gallery plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions in the 2.x branch prior to the patched version.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a Path Traversal issue within the ajax_unzip_file function. This function fails to properly sanitize or validate the file paths provided by a user when processing a file operation. An authenticated attacker can submit a specially crafted request containing directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../../..) to target and delete files outside of the intended plugin directory. This allows the attacker to delete critical WordPress core files, such as wp-config.php, .htaccess, or any other file the web server process has permission to delete.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.2. A successful attack could have a significant business impact, including a complete denial of service if core configuration or application files are deleted, rendering the website inaccessible to customers and staff. This can lead to direct revenue loss, reputational damage, and significant effort required for site restoration from backups. Deleting security-related files (like .htaccess) could also disable important security controls, potentially exposing the site to further, more severe attacks.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the Modula Image Gallery plugin to the latest version provided by the vendor, which contains a patch for this vulnerability. As a best practice, review all installed WordPress plugins and themes; disable and remove any that are no longer needed to reduce the overall attack surface.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server access logs for suspicious POST requests to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php that contain the ajax_unzip_file action and directory traversal payloads (../). Implement File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) to generate alerts for any unauthorized deletion or modification of critical files like wp-config.php, index.php, and files within the /wp-includes/ directory.

Compensating Controls: If patching cannot be performed immediately, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block path traversal attacks in request parameters. Harden web server file permissions to ensure the user account running the web server cannot delete files outside of its designated directories (e.g., /wp-content/uploads). Restrict access to the WordPress admin panel to trusted IP addresses.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 4, 2025, there are no known public exploits or observed in-the-wild attacks targeting this vulnerability. However, path traversal vulnerabilities are well understood and relatively easy to exploit. It is highly probable that a proof-of-concept exploit will be developed by security researchers, increasing the risk of attack. The vulnerability requires authentication, which slightly lowers the risk, but it can be exploited by any user with privileges to access the affected plugin function (typically contributor-level or higher).

Analyst Recommendation
Given the high severity (CVSS 7.2) and the potential for a complete denial of service, it is strongly recommended that organizations apply the vendor-supplied patch to the Modula Image Gallery plugin on an emergency basis. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA KEV list, its impact is critical. If patching is delayed for any reason, the compensating controls outlined above, particularly the use of a WAF and file permission hardening, should be implemented immediately to mitigate the risk.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in the NextGEN Gallery plugin for WordPress, a widely used tool for managing photo galleries. This flaw, known as Local File Inclusion, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to read sensitive files directly from the web server. Successful exploitation could lead to the theft of confidential data, such as database credentials, and potentially result in a complete compromise of the affected website.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13641

Affected Software: WordPress Photo Gallery, Sliders, Proofing and Themes – NextGEN Gallery plugin

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 3

Vulnerability: The NextGEN Gallery plugin is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion (LFI). This vulnerability occurs because the application uses user-supplied input to construct a file path without proper validation or sanitization. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious request containing directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../) to navigate the server's file system and include arbitrary files. This could allow the attacker to read the contents of sensitive files such as wp-config.php (which contains database credentials), /etc/passwd, or other application and system configuration files.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as high severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A successful exploit could have a significant negative impact on the business. The primary risk is the exposure of sensitive data, including database credentials, API keys, and internal system information, which could lead to further system compromise. This breach could result in financial loss, reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and potential regulatory penalties for non-compliance with data protection standards. Disruption of business operations is also possible if the attacker uses the gained access to deface the website or compromise the underlying server.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Immediately update the "Photo Gallery, Sliders, Proofing and Themes – NextGEN Gallery" plugin to the latest version provided by the vendor, which contains a patch for this vulnerability.
• If the plugin is not essential for business operations, consider deactivating and removing it entirely to eliminate the associated attack surface.
• Review WordPress security settings to ensure they align with security best practices.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Monitor web server access logs for requests containing directory traversal patterns (../, ..\/) or attempts to access common sensitive files like wp-config.php or /etc/passwd.
• Implement File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) to detect unauthorized changes to core WordPress files, themes, and plugins.
• Monitor for unusual outbound network traffic from the web server, which could indicate data exfiltration.

Compensating Controls:

• If immediate patching is not feasible, deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block LFI and directory traversal attacks.
• Harden server file permissions to restrict the web server process from accessing files and directories outside of its intended scope.
• In PHP settings, configure the open_basedir directive to strictly limit the file system locations from which PHP can read files.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 20, 2025, there are no known public exploits for this vulnerability, and it is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, LFI vulnerabilities in popular WordPress plugins are trivial to exploit and are frequently targeted by threat actors. It is highly likely that a proof-of-concept exploit will become publicly available shortly, followed by widespread automated scanning campaigns.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 8.8 and the critical nature of a Local File Inclusion vulnerability, immediate action is required. We strongly recommend that all teams responsible for WordPress websites immediately identify any instances of the NextGEN Gallery plugin and apply the security update. Due to the high probability of future exploitation, this vulnerability should be treated with the highest priority. Organizations should also use this opportunity to conduct a full audit of all installed plugins, removing any that are outdated or no longer necessary to reduce the overall attack surface.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in Google Chrome's Media Stream component, affecting multiple Google products. This flaw could be exploited by a remote attacker who tricks a user into visiting a malicious website, potentially allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code and take control of the user's system. Successful exploitation could lead to data theft, malware installation, or further intrusion into the network.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13638

Affected Software: Google Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Google Chrome versions prior to 143

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a use-after-free memory corruption flaw within the Media Stream component of Google Chrome. This condition occurs when the application attempts to access a memory location after it has been deallocated or "freed." An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious web page containing specially designed media content. When a user navigates to this page, the browser processes the media stream, incorrectly frees a pointer to a memory object, and then attempts to use that same pointer again. By carefully manipulating the application's memory heap, the attacker can cause this dangling pointer to reference malicious shellcode, leading to arbitrary code execution in the context of the user's browser process.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8, posing a significant risk to the organization. Successful exploitation could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an employee's workstation, effectively granting them control over the compromised system. This could lead to the theft of sensitive corporate data, deployment of ransomware, installation of persistent backdoors for long-term access, and lateral movement within the corporate network. The potential consequences include financial loss, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: All instances of Google Chrome on corporate endpoints must be updated to version 143 or later immediately. The vendor, Google, has released security patches to address this vulnerability. System administrators should prioritize the deployment of these updates, especially for users with privileged access and those handling sensitive information.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should actively monitor for signs of exploitation. This includes observing endpoint detection and response (EDR) alerts for unusual process behavior originating from chrome.exe, such as unexpected child processes or network connections to suspicious IP addresses. Network monitoring should focus on identifying traffic patterns consistent with command-and-control (C2) communication. Review web proxy and DNS logs for connections to malicious or newly registered domains that may be hosting exploit kits.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement compensating controls to reduce the attack surface. Enforce the use of web filtering and DNS protection to block access to known malicious websites. Deploy and configure endpoint security solutions with exploit protection features capable of detecting and blocking memory corruption attacks. Enhance user awareness training, reminding employees to be cautious of unsolicited links and attachments.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 2, 2025, there are no known public exploits for this vulnerability. However, use-after-free vulnerabilities in widely-used software like Google Chrome are prime targets for both cybercriminals and nation-state actors. It is highly probable that proof-of-concept (PoC) code will be developed and potentially weaponized in the near future. The vulnerability is not currently listed on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, but this status should be monitored closely.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 8.8) of this vulnerability and its potential for remote code execution via a common attack vector (web browsing), immediate action is required. We strongly recommend that all organizations prioritize the deployment of Google's security update for Chrome to version 143 or newer across all managed endpoints. Although this CVE is not yet listed in the CISA KEV catalog, the high potential for exploitation makes proactive patching the most critical and effective mitigation strategy to prevent system compromise.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity use-after-free vulnerability has been identified in the Digital Credentials component of Google Chrome. Successful exploitation of this flaw could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on a victim's system, potentially leading to a full system compromise, data theft, or installation of malware.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13633

Affected Software: Google Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Google Chrome versions prior to 143. See vendor advisory for other specific affected products.

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is a "Use-After-Free" condition within the Digital Credentials component. This type of memory corruption flaw occurs when a program continues to use a pointer after the memory it points to has been deallocated. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious web page that triggers this condition, allowing them to place their own malicious code into the now-freed memory location. When the vulnerable application attempts to use the deallocated memory again, it executes the attacker's code, leading to arbitrary code execution in the context of the logged-in user.

Business Impact

This is a high-severity vulnerability with a CVSS score of 8.8, posing a significant risk to the organization. A successful attack could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on employee workstations simply by tricking a user into visiting a malicious website. The potential consequences include the compromise of user credentials, theft of sensitive corporate data, deployment of ransomware, and the ability for an attacker to establish a persistent foothold for lateral movement within the network. The widespread use of Google Chrome in corporate environments elevates the risk of widespread impact.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the security updates released by Google for all affected products immediately. All systems running vulnerable versions of Google Chrome must be updated to version 143 or later. Following the update, security teams should monitor for any signs of exploitation attempts that may have occurred prior to patching and review relevant system and network access logs for anomalous activity.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should monitor for an increase in browser crashes on endpoints, as this can be an indicator of failed exploitation attempts. Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) solutions should be configured to alert on suspicious child processes originating from chrome.exe. Monitor network traffic for unusual outbound connections from workstations to unknown or malicious IP addresses, which could indicate a successful compromise.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, organizations should implement compensating controls. This includes ensuring users operate with the principle of least privilege (not running as local administrators), deploying robust EDR and anti-exploit technologies capable of detecting memory corruption attacks, and using web filtering to block access to known malicious or untrusted websites.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 2, 2025, there are no known public exploits available for this vulnerability. However, use-after-free vulnerabilities in major web browsers are frequently targeted by threat actors. It is highly likely that proof-of-concept code and functional exploits will be developed and used in targeted or widespread attacks in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 8.8) of this vulnerability and its potential for remote code execution, immediate patching is the highest priority. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its presence in a ubiquitous product like Google Chrome makes it a prime target for future exploitation. We strongly recommend organizations prioritize the deployment of Google's security updates across all affected systems to mitigate the significant risk of compromise.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in the Google Updater component used by Google Chrome and other Google products on macOS. This flaw could allow a local attacker to escalate their privileges and execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to a full system compromise. Organizations are urged to apply the necessary security updates immediately to mitigate the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13631

Affected Software: Google Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Google Chrome on Mac prior to version 143. See vendor advisory for other potentially affected Google products.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an inappropriate implementation within the Google Updater service on macOS. A local, unprivileged attacker can exploit this flaw by manipulating the update process. This could involve crafting a malicious update package or exploiting improper permission handling during the update file verification and execution stages, tricking the high-privileged updater service into running arbitrary code with root-level permissions, leading to a complete compromise of the host system.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. Successful exploitation could have a significant business impact by allowing an attacker to bypass standard security controls on an employee's workstation. A threat actor could install persistent malware, access or exfiltrate sensitive corporate data, disable security software, and use the compromised machine as a pivot point to move laterally across the corporate network, escalating a localized incident into a widespread breach.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: All macOS systems running affected versions of Google Chrome or other Google products must be updated to version 143 or later immediately. Security teams should monitor for signs of exploitation, such as unusual processes spawned by the Google Updater service, and review system and application logs for anomalous activity.

Proactive Monitoring: Configure Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools to alert on suspicious behavior involving the Google Updater processes (GoogleSoftwareUpdateAgent, GoogleSoftwareUpdateDaemon), including unexpected child processes or file writes to privileged system directories. Review logs for privilege escalation events originating from user-level applications.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement application control (whitelisting) to prevent the execution of unauthorized code. Enforce the principle of least privilege for user accounts to limit the initial attack surface. Enhance EDR monitoring rules to specifically target known privilege escalation techniques on macOS.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 2, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active attacks targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the high CVSS score and the widespread deployment of Google Chrome on corporate macOS devices, the likelihood of a functional exploit being developed is high. The vulnerability is not currently listed on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the high severity (CVSS 8.8) of this vulnerability, which allows a local attacker to gain complete control of an affected macOS system, immediate patching is the highest priority. All Mac endpoints with Google Chrome must be updated to version 143 or a later version without delay. Although this CVE is not yet on the CISA KEV list, its potential impact makes it a critical target for threat actors, and organizations should treat its remediation with the utmost urgency.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity type confusion vulnerability has been identified in the V8 JavaScript engine, affecting Google Chrome and other Google products. A remote attacker could exploit this flaw by tricking a user into visiting a malicious website, potentially allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the user's system and compromise its security.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13630

Affected Software: Google Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Google Chrome versions prior to 143. See vendor advisory for specific affected versions of other products.

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is a type confusion flaw within the V8 JavaScript and WebAssembly engine. The engine can misinterpret the type of an object in memory, leading to a state where it attempts to access the object using an incompatible type. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious web page with specific JavaScript code that triggers this confusion, corrupting memory in a controlled way. Successful exploitation can lead to a sandbox escape and arbitrary code execution in the context of the user's browser process.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. Successful exploitation could have a significant business impact by allowing an attacker to compromise an employee's workstation simply by luring them to a malicious website. The potential consequences include theft of sensitive data stored on the system or accessed by the browser (e.g., credentials, session cookies, financial information), installation of malware such as ransomware or spyware, and using the compromised machine as a foothold to launch further attacks against the internal corporate network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply vendor security updates immediately to all affected systems, including Google Chrome and any other products utilizing the V8 engine. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of exploitation and review access and system logs for suspicious activity originating from potentially compromised endpoints.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor for signs of browser-based exploitation. This includes looking for unusual child processes spawning from browser processes (e.g., chrome.exe launching powershell.exe or cmd.exe), unexpected network connections from browsers to untrusted IP addresses, and alerts from Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) solutions related to memory corruption or process injection.

Compensating Controls: If patching cannot be immediately deployed, consider implementing compensating controls. These include using browser isolation technologies to render web content in a secure, remote environment, enforcing strict web filtering to block access to untrusted or uncategorized websites, and ensuring EDR and antivirus solutions are fully updated to detect post-exploitation behavior.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 2, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, vulnerabilities in the V8 engine are highly sought after by threat actors for developing browser-based exploits. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 8.8) of this vulnerability and its potential for remote code execution, we strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the immediate deployment of the security updates provided by Google. Although there is no evidence of active exploitation at this time, the technical nature of V8 vulnerabilities makes them prime candidates for future exploitation. Patching should be considered an urgent priority across all workstations and servers running affected Google products to mitigate the risk of a system-wide compromise.

Executive Summary:
A critical privilege escalation vulnerability exists in the Flex Store Users plugin for WordPress. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to register a new user account with full administrator privileges, granting them complete control over the affected website. Successful exploitation could lead to total system compromise, data theft, and website defacement.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13619

Affected Software: The Flex Store Users plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up Multiple Products

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.1.0

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is caused by improper authorization checks within the user registration functions fsUserHandle::signup and fsSellerRole::add_role_seller. These functions fail to validate or restrict the user role that can be assigned during the signup process. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this by submitting a specially crafted registration request, supplying 'administrator' as the desired user role. If the Flex Store Seller plugin is also active, the fs_type parameter can be used to facilitate the attack, resulting in the creation of a new administrator account under the attacker's control.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Exploitation grants an attacker the highest level of administrative access, leading to a complete compromise of the WordPress site. The potential business impact is severe and includes theft of sensitive data (customer information, PII, payment details), website defacement, distribution of malware to site visitors, and significant reputational damage. An attacker with administrative control could also pivot to attack other systems within the network, escalating the incident's scope.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update The Flex Store Users plugin for WordPress to the latest version, which contains a patch for this vulnerability. After updating, conduct a thorough review of all user accounts with administrator privileges to identify and remove any unauthorized accounts that may have been created.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server access logs for suspicious registration attempts. Specifically, search for POST requests to user registration endpoints containing parameters that specify a user role, such as role=administrator. Monitor for the creation of new administrator accounts from unexpected IP addresses or at unusual times.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, consider the following mitigating actions:

• Temporarily deactivate the Flex Store Users and Flex Store Seller plugins until they can be updated.
• If user registration is not essential, disable it entirely through the WordPress settings.
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to block requests that attempt to set an administrative role during registration.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of Dec 20, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the simplicity of exploitation and the critical impact, proof-of-concept code is likely to be developed and released quickly. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the potential for complete system compromise by an unauthenticated attacker, this vulnerability poses a severe and immediate risk. Organizations are strongly advised to apply the vendor-supplied patch to the Flex Store Users plugin without delay. A comprehensive audit of existing administrator accounts should be performed immediately to detect any prior compromise. The ease of exploitation means that threat actors will likely begin scanning for and attacking vulnerable systems as soon as this vulnerability becomes widely known.

---METADATA---
VENDOR: Mentoring
PRODUCT: Mentoring Plugin for WordPress
AFFECTED_VERSIONS: Up to and including 1.2.8
---END_METADATA---

Description Summary:
The Mentoring plugin for WordPress contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to register as administrators.

Executive Summary:
A critical privilege escalation vulnerability in the Mentoring WordPress plugin allows unauthenticated users to register and gain administrative access to the platform.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13618

Affected Software: Mentoring Plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: Up to and including 1.2.8

Vulnerability: The plugin fails to properly restrict registration roles in the mentoring_process_registration() function. This allows an unauthenticated attacker to supply a role parameter during the registration process, granting them elevated privileges upon account creation.

Business Impact

An attacker gaining administrative access can compromise the entire site, inject malicious scripts, steal sensitive user data, or disable security measures. The CVSS score of 9.8 underscores the gravity of this vulnerability, as it provides a trivial path to full system ownership.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the Mentoring plugin to the latest version, which includes strict role validation during the registration process.

Proactive Monitoring: Review the user list for any unauthorized administrator accounts created recently and monitor registration logs for suspicious role-assignment attempts.

Compensating Controls: Disable public user registration on the WordPress site until the plugin can be updated to prevent exploitation.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No

Analyst Notes: As of May 5, 2026, there is no public information indicating active exploitation of this vulnerability. However, the simplicity of the attack vector makes it highly susceptible to mass exploitation by automated bots.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability provides an immediate and easy path to administrative compromise. It is imperative that administrators either patch the plugin immediately or disable the registration features until a secure version is deployed.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the StreamTube Core plugin for WordPress, which allows an unauthenticated attacker to change the password of any user on the site, including administrators. Successful exploitation could lead to a complete compromise of the affected website, allowing an attacker to steal data, deface the site, or distribute malware. This vulnerability requires a specific theme option, "registration password fields," to be enabled for it to be exploitable.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13615

Affected Software: The StreamTube Core plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 4.78

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a Broken Access Control flaw where the plugin fails to properly authorize password change requests. An attacker can manipulate objects controlling user data to bypass security checks, allowing them to target any user account without authentication. To exploit this, an unauthenticated attacker would send a crafted request to the password change function, specifying a target user (such as an administrator) and a new password, leading to a full account takeover. This is only possible if the "registration password fields" setting is enabled in the theme options.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. A successful attack would result in a complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability for the affected WordPress site. The business impact includes the potential for a severe data breach of user information, significant reputational damage from website defacement or compromise, and financial loss if the site is used for e-commerce or lead generation. An attacker could also use the compromised website to host malicious content or launch further attacks against visitors.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the StreamTube Core plugin for WordPress to the latest available version that patches this vulnerability. After patching, review all administrator and user accounts for any unauthorized changes or suspicious activity.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server access logs and WordPress security logs for unusual POST requests related to user profile updates or password changes, especially from unknown IP addresses. Scrutinize logs for any successful password changes that do not correlate with legitimate user activity. Implement alerts for unauthorized administrative account logins or modifications.

Compensating Controls: If patching is not immediately possible, disable the "registration password fields" setting within the theme options as a temporary mitigation measure, as this is a required precondition for exploitation. Additionally, a Web Application Firewall (WAF) may be configured with rules to block requests attempting to exploit this specific flaw, if a clear pattern can be identified. Restricting access to the WordPress login and admin pages by IP address can also add a layer of defense.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of the publication date of Nov 30, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active attacks targeting this vulnerability. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, due to its critical severity and the simplicity of exploitation, it is highly likely to be targeted by threat actors in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the potential for a complete, unauthenticated site takeover, this vulnerability poses a severe risk to the organization. We strongly recommend that the required patch be applied immediately across all affected websites. While there is no evidence of active exploitation, the risk of compromise is too high to ignore. If patching cannot be performed immediately, implement the recommended compensating controls, primarily disabling the vulnerable theme option, to mitigate the immediate threat.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in the Cool Tag Cloud plugin for WordPress. This flaw allows an attacker to inject malicious code directly into a website, which then executes in the browsers of unsuspecting visitors and administrators. Successful exploitation could lead to website defacement, theft of user credentials, or a complete takeover of the affected WordPress site.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13614

Affected Software: Cool Tag Cloud plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 2.0

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) flaw within the 'cool_tag_cloud' shortcode functionality. An authenticated attacker with permissions to create or edit posts (such as a contributor or author) can embed a malicious JavaScript payload within the shortcode's parameters. This malicious payload is then stored in the website's database. When any user, including an administrator, views the page containing the crafted shortcode, the script executes within their browser session, potentially leading to session hijacking, administrative account takeover, or redirection to malicious websites.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.1. A successful exploit could have significant negative impacts on the business, including reputational damage from a defaced website, loss of customer trust due to data theft, and financial costs associated with incident response and recovery. If an attacker gains administrative control over the WordPress site, they could steal sensitive user information, install backdoors for persistent access, or use the compromised website to launch further attacks against visitors.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the Cool Tag Cloud plugin to the latest patched version provided by the vendor. If the plugin is not critical to business operations, the recommended course of action is to deactivate and uninstall it to completely remove the attack surface.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server access logs for suspicious POST requests to wp-admin/post.php containing <script> tags or other JavaScript event handlers within the post content. Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to detect and block common XSS attack patterns. Regularly audit website pages and posts for any unauthorized or suspicious embedded scripts.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a WAF with strict XSS filtering rules to block malicious payloads. Restrict user permissions, ensuring only trusted administrators can publish content containing shortcodes. Additionally, enforce a strong Content Security Policy (CSP) to limit the sources from which scripts can be executed, mitigating the impact of an XSS injection.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: False

Analyst Notes: As of December 5, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active attacks targeting this vulnerability. However, stored XSS vulnerabilities in WordPress plugins are frequently and quickly weaponized by threat actors after disclosure. Organizations should assume that exploitation is imminent.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 8.1) and the potential for complete site compromise, immediate action is required. Although this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its impact is significant. We strongly recommend that all organizations using the Cool Tag Cloud plugin apply the security update immediately or disable and remove the plugin to mitigate this critical risk.

Executive Summary:
A critical authentication bypass vulnerability has been identified in the Elated Membership plugin for WordPress. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to gain complete administrative control over a website by exploiting a weakness in the social login functionality. Successful exploitation could lead to a full site compromise, data theft, and significant reputational damage.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13613

Affected Software: Elated Membership plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.2

Vulnerability: The Elated Membership plugin for WordPress contains an authentication bypass vulnerability within its social login feature. The flaw exists because the eltdf_membership_check_facebook_user and eltdf_membership_login_user_from_social_network functions fail to properly validate that a user has successfully authenticated with the social media provider. An unauthenticated attacker can initiate a social login process using the email address of an existing administrative user. The plugin will identify the user account based on the email but will then incorrectly log the attacker into that account without completing the required authentication checks, granting them full administrative privileges.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. A successful attack would grant an adversary the same privileges as a legitimate administrator, leading to a complete compromise of the WordPress site. Potential consequences include theft of sensitive user data, financial information, and intellectual property; website defacement causing significant reputational harm; and the use of the compromised server to host malware or launch further attacks against the organization's infrastructure and customers.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the Elated Membership plugin for WordPress to the latest version provided by the vendor (a version later than 1.2). After patching, thoroughly review web server and application access logs for any unauthorized administrative logins or suspicious activity that may have occurred prior to the update.

Proactive Monitoring: Continuously monitor WordPress access logs for unusual login patterns, such as successful administrative logins from unexpected IP addresses or geographical locations. Scrutinize logs for activity related to the social login functions. Implement file integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized changes to core WordPress files, themes, or plugins.

Compensating Controls: If patching is not immediately possible, disable the social login functionality within the Elated Membership plugin settings as a temporary mitigation. Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules to block requests attempting to exploit authentication flaws. Additionally, enforce Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) on all administrative accounts and restrict access to the WordPress admin portal (/wp-admin) to trusted IP addresses only.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of Dec 10, 2025, there is no public proof-of-concept exploit code available, and there are no reports of this vulnerability being actively exploited in the wild. However, due to the critical impact and low complexity of the attack, it is highly likely that threat actors will develop and deploy exploits rapidly. The prerequisites for an attack—knowledge of an administrator's email and the ability to register an account—are trivial to meet on most sites.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8, organizations must treat this vulnerability with the highest priority. The risk of a complete website compromise is severe. We strongly recommend applying the vendor-supplied patch immediately to all affected systems. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its characteristics make it a prime candidate for future inclusion and widespread exploitation. A post-patch audit of user accounts and site integrity is essential to ensure no prior compromise has occurred.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified that allows an unauthenticated attacker to remotely access sensitive camera configuration data, including administrative credentials. Successful exploitation could result in a complete compromise of affected camera systems, enabling attackers to view live feeds, access recordings, and potentially pivot to other areas of the network.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13607

Affected Software: Multiple Products from the affected vendor

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is an Improper Access Control flaw. An attacker can send a specifically crafted HTTP request to a vulnerable URL on the device's web interface. The system fails to perform any authentication or authorization checks for this URL, granting the attacker direct access to sensitive configuration files which contain administrative usernames and passwords.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.4. Exploitation poses a significant risk to the organization, potentially leading to a severe breach of physical security by allowing unauthorized surveillance of facilities. The compromise of credentials could lead to a complete takeover of the security camera infrastructure, loss of confidential video data, and reputational damage. Furthermore, these compromised devices could be used as an entry point for broader attacks against the internal corporate network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update all affected camera products to the latest firmware or software version provided by the vendor. After patching, it is crucial to change all account credentials on the devices, as they may have been previously exposed.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web access logs for unusual requests to non-standard URLs or configuration endpoints. Network traffic should be monitored for connections from cameras to unknown or suspicious external IP addresses. Review device logs for any unauthorized configuration changes or access events.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, isolate the affected cameras on a segmented network VLAN with strict firewall rules. Restrict all access to the camera's web management interface to a limited set of trusted administrative IP addresses.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of the publication date of Dec 10, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, given the low complexity of the attack, it is highly probable that proof-of-concept exploits will be developed and released publicly in the near future. The vulnerability is not currently listed on CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.4 and the potential for complete system compromise via an unauthenticated attack, this vulnerability requires immediate attention. We strongly recommend that organizations identify all vulnerable devices and apply the vendor-supplied patches without delay. Due to the risk of prior compromise, a mandatory password rotation for all camera accounts should be conducted post-patching.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in a core software library (glib) used across multiple products from Vendor A. This flaw could allow an attacker to crash an application or potentially execute malicious code by sending specially crafted web-style links or data, leading to service outages or a complete system compromise. Organizations are urged to apply security updates immediately to mitigate this significant risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13601

Affected Software: A Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a heap-based buffer overflow within the g_escape_uri_string() function of the glib library. The function incorrectly calculates the amount of memory needed to process a URI string, creating a buffer that is too small. An attacker can exploit this by providing a specially crafted URI that, when processed, causes the function to write data past the end of the allocated memory buffer, corrupting adjacent data on the heap. This can be triggered by any application that uses the vulnerable function to handle URIs, potentially leading to a denial of service (application crash) or, in a worst-case scenario, arbitrary code execution with the permissions of the affected application.

Business Impact

This vulnerability presents a high risk to the organization, reflected by its CVSS score of 7.7. Successful exploitation could have a significant business impact, ranging from service disruption to a full system compromise. If an attacker causes a denial of service, critical applications could become unavailable, impacting business operations and productivity. If an attacker achieves arbitrary code execution, they could gain control over the affected system, leading to data theft, installation of ransomware, or lateral movement within the network. Given that glib is a foundational library used in a wide range of applications, the potential attack surface within the organization could be extensive.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary and most effective remediation is to apply the security updates provided by Vendor A to all affected systems without delay. After patching, system administrators should monitor application logs for any signs of crashes or unusual behavior and review access logs for any anomalous requests that could indicate exploitation attempts.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should implement enhanced monitoring focused on applications that utilize the glib library. Look for application-level logs indicating segmentation faults or unexpected crashes. Network monitoring should be configured to detect and alert on unusually long or malformed URI strings directed at public-facing services. Endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions should be used to monitor for suspicious process behavior originating from applications that handle URIs.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement compensating controls to reduce the risk. Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) with rules to block malformed URI requests. Enforce strict input validation on all user-supplied data at the application layer to sanitize or reject potentially malicious strings before they are processed by the vulnerable function. Ensure affected applications are run with the principle of least privilege to limit the impact of a successful code execution exploit.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 26, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or reports of this vulnerability being actively exploited in the wild. The vulnerability is not listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, now that the vulnerability is public, security researchers and threat actors will likely begin analyzing the patch to develop exploits.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 7.7) of this heap-based buffer overflow and the widespread use of the glib library, we strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the immediate deployment of vendor-supplied security patches. While there is no current evidence of active exploitation, the potential for denial of service or remote code execution makes this an attractive target for attackers. Proactive patching is the most effective strategy to prevent potential system compromise and operational disruption.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the AI Feeds plugin for WordPress, which allows unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files and potentially execute code on the server. Successful exploitation could lead to a complete compromise of the affected website, resulting in data theft, website defacement, or further attacks originating from the compromised server. Immediate patching is required to mitigate this high-risk threat.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13597

Affected Software: The AI Feeds plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.0.11

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within the actualizador_git.php file of the plugin. This file lacks a proper capability check, a security function that should verify if a user has the necessary permissions to perform an action. Because this check is missing, an unauthenticated attacker can directly access this file and trigger its functionality, which is designed to download and install a plugin update from a GitHub repository. An attacker can supply a URL to their own malicious GitHub repository, causing the server to download it and overwrite the existing plugin files with malicious code, such as a web shell, leading to remote code execution (RCE).

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. A successful exploit grants an attacker complete control over the web server, posing a severe risk to the organization. Potential consequences include the theft of sensitive data such as customer information, intellectual property, or payment details; disruption of business operations through website defacement or denial of service; and significant reputational damage. The compromised server could also be used to launch further attacks against other systems, creating additional legal and financial liabilities.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the AI Feeds plugin for WordPress to the latest version released by the vendor, which addresses this vulnerability. After patching, review web server access logs for any suspicious POST requests to the /wp-content/plugins/ai-feeds/actualizador_git.php file and inspect plugin files for any unauthorized modifications.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring of web server logs, specifically looking for direct access attempts to actualizador_git.php. Monitor for unusual outbound network traffic from the web server, especially to domains like github.com. Utilize a file integrity monitoring (FIM) system to alert on any unexpected changes to core WordPress files and plugin directories.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to block all external access to the actualizador_git.php file. Additionally, consider restricting the web server's ability to make outbound connections to the internet, which would prevent it from downloading the malicious repository.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of November 25, 2025, proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit code is publicly available. Due to the simplicity of exploiting a missing authentication check, widespread automated scanning and exploitation attempts are highly probable. Although the vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its critical nature makes it a prime target for threat actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the availability of a public exploit, immediate action is required. We strongly recommend that all instances of the AI Feeds WordPress plugin be updated to a patched version without delay. The risk of unauthenticated remote code execution presents a direct threat of full system compromise. Organizations should prioritize this patch above all others and subsequently hunt for any indicators of compromise on vulnerable systems.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability exists in the CIBELES AI plugin for WordPress that allows unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files and potentially execute code on the server. This flaw could lead to a complete compromise of the affected website, resulting in data theft, service disruption, and further network intrusion. Immediate patching is required to mitigate this high-risk vulnerability.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13595

Affected Software: The CIBELES AI plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.10.8

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is located in the 'actualizador_git.php' file, which fails to perform a proper capability or authentication check. This allows any unauthenticated user to access its functionality. An attacker can exploit this by sending a crafted request to the file, instructing the plugin to download and extract a ZIP archive from an arbitrary GitHub repository, which will then overwrite the plugin's existing files. By hosting a malicious repository containing a PHP webshell or other backdoors, an attacker can achieve remote code execution (RCE) and gain full control over the web server.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Successful exploitation could result in a complete compromise of the web server hosting the WordPress site. Potential consequences include the theft of sensitive data (customer information, payment details, intellectual property), website defacement, loss of service, and significant reputational damage. The compromised server could also be used as a pivot point to launch further attacks against the internal network or be co-opted into a botnet for malicious activities like spamming or DDoS attacks.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the CIBELES AI plugin for WordPress to the latest version provided by the vendor, which addresses this vulnerability. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of prior exploitation by reviewing web server access logs and checking for unauthorized or suspicious files within the plugin's directory.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should monitor for direct HTTP POST requests to the /wp-content/plugins/cibeles-ai/includes/actualizador_git.php file. Look for unusual outbound network traffic from the web server, especially to GitHub. Implement file integrity monitoring (FIM) to detect unauthorized changes to the CIBELES AI plugin files or any other core WordPress files.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, consider these temporary measures:

• Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to create a rule that blocks all access to the actualizador_git.php file.
• Disable the CIBELES AI plugin entirely until a patch can be applied.
• If server access is available, remove execute permissions on the actualizador_git.php file or deny access to it via server configuration rules (e.g., in .htaccess).

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of Nov 25, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the critical severity and the simplicity of exploitation (unauthenticated RCE), threat actors are highly likely to develop exploits rapidly.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the potential for a full, unauthenticated system compromise, this vulnerability represents a severe risk to the organization. We strongly recommend that the patch be applied immediately across all affected WordPress instances. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its characteristics make it a prime target for opportunistic and sophisticated attackers. Treat this vulnerability with the highest priority.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability has been identified in the Advanced Ads plugin for WordPress. This flaw allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server, potentially leading to a complete compromise of the website, data theft, and further network intrusion. Organizations using the affected plugin should apply the necessary updates immediately to mitigate the risk of exploitation.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13592

Affected Software: WordPress Advanced Ads plugin

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 2.0

Vulnerability: The vulnerability allows for Remote Code Execution (RCE), meaning an attacker can run commands and malicious code on the web server hosting the WordPress site. While the specific vector is not detailed, RCE vulnerabilities in WordPress plugins typically arise from improper handling of user-supplied input, which is then executed by a server-side function. An attacker could exploit this to upload malicious files, manipulate the website's database, or gain a persistent foothold on the server.

Business Impact

This is a high-severity vulnerability with a CVSS score of 7.2. A successful exploit could result in a complete compromise of the affected web application and the underlying server. Potential consequences include theft of sensitive data (such as customer information or payment details), website defacement, distribution of malware to site visitors, and using the compromised server as a pivot point to attack other systems within the organization's network. Such an incident could lead to significant reputational damage, financial loss, and potential regulatory penalties.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the Advanced Ads plugin to the latest version released by the vendor, which contains a patch for this vulnerability. If the plugin is not essential for business operations, consider deactivating and removing it to eliminate the attack surface entirely.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server access logs for unusual or suspicious requests targeting the Advanced Ads plugin endpoints, particularly POST requests with unexpected payloads. Implement File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) to detect unauthorized changes to WordPress core files, themes, or plugins. Monitor for unexpected processes spawned by the web server's user account (e.g., www-data, apache) and for any unusual outbound network traffic from the web server.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block exploit attempts against this vulnerability. Restrict access to the WordPress administrative dashboard (/wp-admin/) to trusted IP addresses. Temporarily disabling the plugin is also an effective measure until it can be safely updated.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of December 30, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, RCE vulnerabilities in popular WordPress plugins are highly sought after by threat actors, and proof-of-concept code is often developed and released publicly shortly after a disclosure. Organizations should assume that exploitation is likely in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity of this Remote Code Execution vulnerability, we recommend that all systems running the affected versions of the Advanced Ads plugin be patched immediately. The potential for a full server compromise presents a critical risk to the organization. Although this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its critical nature warrants urgent and prioritized remediation to prevent potential exploitation.

---METADATA---
VENDOR: Unknown
PRODUCT: System REST API
AFFECTED_VERSIONS: See vendor advisory
---END_METADATA---

Description Summary:
A critical flaw in a system REST API allows an authenticated administrator to upload arbitrary files to user-controlled locations, leading to remote code execution.

Executive Summary:
An authenticated administrator can exploit a file upload vulnerability in the system REST API to achieve remote code execution, leading to complete system compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13590

Affected Software: Affected software utilizing the identified REST API

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves an arbitrary file upload via a system REST API. An attacker with administrative privileges can bypass restrictions to upload a specially crafted payload to a sensitive directory, subsequently executing it to achieve RCE.

Business Impact

While this requires administrative access, it facilitates malicious insider activity or allows an attacker who has compromised an admin account to achieve persistent, deep-system access. The CVSS score of 9.1 reflects the critical impact of RCE, even when conditioned on high-level authentication.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply the latest security patches provided by the vendor to restrict file upload paths and validate file contents.

Proactive Monitoring: Audit administrative REST API logs for file upload requests to non-standard or executable directories.

Compensating Controls: Implement strict file system permissions to prevent the execution of files in directories where the REST API has write access.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No

Analyst Notes: As of Feb 19, 2026, there is no public information indicating active exploitation. The requirement for administrative credentials limits the initial attack surface but increases the risk of post-exploitation persistence.

Analyst Recommendation

Organizations should ensure that administrative accounts are protected with multi-factor authentication (MFA) to prevent the initial access required for this exploit. Apply vendor-supplied patches immediately to close the RCE vector.

---METADATA---
VENDOR: Lizza LMS
PRODUCT: Lizza LMS Pro WordPress Plugin
AFFECTED_VERSIONS: Up to, and including, 1.0.3
---END_METADATA---

Description Summary:
The Lizza LMS Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation, enabling unauthenticated attackers to register as administrators and take over the site.

Executive Summary:
A critical privilege escalation flaw in the Lizza LMS Pro WordPress plugin allows unauthenticated attackers to gain full administrator access during the registration process.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13563

Affected Software: Lizza LMS Pro Plugin (WordPress)

Affected Versions: Up to, and including, 1.0.3

Vulnerability: The lizza_lms_pro_register_user_front_end function does not restrict the roles available during registration. An unauthenticated attacker can supply the 'administrator' role in the registration request to gain full control of the WordPress site.

Business Impact

A successful exploit results in the complete compromise of the Learning Management System, including access to student data, course materials, and financial records. The CVSS score of 9.8 reflects the severity of allowing unauthenticated users to escalate to the highest privilege level.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the Lizza LMS Pro plugin to the latest version immediately to fix the registration role validation logic.

Proactive Monitoring: Inspect the WordPress audit logs for any registrations that resulted in the creation of an administrative account.

Compensating Controls: Implement a manual approval process for new user registrations or restrict registration to specific, low-privilege roles at the system level.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No

Analyst Notes: As of Feb 19, 2026, there is no public information indicating active exploitation. This vulnerability is highly critical as it bypasses all standard authentication and authorization barriers.

Analyst Recommendation

Immediate remediation is required to prevent unauthorized administrative access. Update the plugin to the latest version and verify that the registration process no longer accepts arbitrary role assignments from the client side.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the EduKart Pro plugin for WordPress, which allows any unauthenticated user to register a new account with full administrator privileges. Successful exploitation would result in a complete compromise of the affected website, granting the attacker total control over its content, user data, and underlying server functions. Due to the ease of exploitation and the high level of access granted, this vulnerability poses a severe and immediate risk to any organization using the affected plugin.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13559

Affected Software: The EduKart Pro plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.0.3

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within the user registration function, edukart_pro_register_user_front_end. This function fails to properly validate or restrict the user role that can be assigned during the registration process. An unauthenticated attacker can submit a standard registration request and include a parameter specifying the desired user role as 'administrator'. The plugin processes this request without sanitization, creating a new user account with the highest level of administrative privileges on the WordPress site.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. A successful exploit leads to a complete compromise of the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected WordPress site. An attacker with administrator access can steal sensitive user data, install malicious software (malware, backdoors), deface the website, redirect traffic to malicious sites, and potentially use the compromised server to launch further attacks. The business risks include significant data breaches, financial loss, severe reputational damage, and the cost associated with incident response and system recovery.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the EduKart Pro plugin to the latest version available (newer than 1.0.3), which contains the patch for this vulnerability. After updating, review all existing user accounts, particularly those with administrator privileges, to identify and remove any unauthorized accounts created by attackers.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server and application access logs for suspicious registration attempts. Specifically, search for POST requests to the user registration endpoint that contain the parameter role=administrator or other high-privilege roles. Monitor the WordPress user list for any unexpected additions or privilege escalations.

Compensating Controls: If patching is not immediately possible, consider the following mitigations:

• Temporarily disable the user registration functionality provided by the EduKart Pro plugin.
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to inspect and block registration requests that attempt to set a user role to 'administrator'.
• Restrict access to the registration page to trusted IP addresses only, if feasible.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of Nov 25, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the trivial nature of exploitation, it is highly likely that threat actors will develop and use exploits rapidly. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity (CVSS 9.8) and the fact that this vulnerability can be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker with minimal effort, immediate remediation is imperative. All organizations using the EduKart Pro plugin must prioritize applying the vendor-supplied patch without delay. The risk of a full site compromise is extremely high, and organizations should assume this vulnerability will be actively targeted by threat actors in the near future.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in multiple products from the vendor Polling, including the Campcodes Online Polling System. This flaw could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to manipulate or steal sensitive data from the system's database, potentially compromising polling results and user information. Organizations are urged to apply the vendor-provided security updates immediately to mitigate this significant risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13557

Affected Software: Polling Multiple Products

Affected Versions: The vulnerability is confirmed in Campcodes Online Polling System version 1.0. For other products, see the vendor advisory for a complete list of specific affected versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an unauthenticated SQL Injection flaw. An attacker can send a specially crafted request to a public-facing component of the application, injecting malicious SQL commands into a parameter that is not properly sanitized before being used in a database query. Successful exploitation allows an attacker to bypass authentication, read sensitive data from the database (such as user credentials and polling data), modify or delete data, and in some database configurations, potentially execute commands on the underlying operating system.

Business Impact

This vulnerability poses a significant risk to the organization, reflected by its High severity rating with a CVSS score of 7.3. Exploitation could lead to severe consequences, including the unauthorized disclosure of personally identifiable information (PII) of users, manipulation of polling results leading to a loss of data integrity, and reputational damage. The compromise of a polling system undermines trust and could have legal or compliance implications depending on the data involved.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the security updates provided by the vendor across all affected systems immediately. After patching, it is crucial to review access and application logs for any signs of compromise that may have occurred prior to the update.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should monitor web application firewall (WAF), web server, and database logs for signs of SQL injection attempts. Look for suspicious patterns in HTTP requests, such as the inclusion of SQL keywords (SELECT, UNION, DROP), operators (--, ', ;), or time-based query functions (SLEEP, BENCHMARK). An increase in database errors or unusual query structures should be investigated promptly.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with a strict ruleset designed to detect and block SQL injection attacks. Additionally, consider restricting network access to the application's administrative interfaces to only trusted IP addresses and enhance database activity monitoring to detect anomalous queries.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there is no known public proof-of-concept exploit code, and there are no reports of this vulnerability being actively exploited in the wild. However, SQL injection vulnerabilities are well-understood, and it is highly likely that a functional exploit could be developed quickly by threat actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high-severity CVSS score of 7.3 and the critical nature of the potential impact, we strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the immediate deployment of the vendor-supplied patches. Although this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its characteristics make it an attractive target for attackers. Proactive patching is the most effective defense to prevent potential data breaches, maintain system integrity, and protect organizational reputation.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in Polling's Campcodes Online Polling System 1. This flaw could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to access and potentially manipulate sensitive poll data and user information stored in the system's database. Organizations using the affected software are at significant risk of data breaches and loss of system integrity.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13556

Affected Software: Polling Multiple Products, specifically Campcodes Online Polling System 1

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an unauthenticated SQL Injection flaw within a public-facing component of the polling application. An attacker can send specially crafted input to the application's web server, which is then improperly processed and executed as a direct database query. This allows a remote attacker, without needing any credentials, to bypass security controls and interact directly with the backend database to exfiltrate, modify, or delete sensitive information, including poll results, voter data, and potentially administrative credentials.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.3, posing a significant risk to the organization. Successful exploitation could lead to a severe data breach, compromising personally identifiable information (PII) of users and undermining the integrity of polling results. The business impact includes severe reputational damage, loss of customer trust, regulatory fines for data privacy violations, and the potential for a complete system compromise if administrative credentials are stolen from the database.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary and most effective remediation is to apply the security updates provided by the vendor immediately across all affected systems. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of post-patch exploitation attempts and thoroughly review historical access and database logs for indicators of a prior compromise.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement enhanced monitoring of web server and database logs. Look for suspicious requests containing SQL keywords (e.g., SELECT, UNION, '--, OR 1=1), unusual error messages from the database, and unexpected spikes in data egress from the database server. Configure alerts for multiple failed login attempts or anomalous queries executed by the application's service account.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with a strict ruleset designed to detect and block SQL injection attack patterns. Restrict network access to the application's administrative interfaces to only trusted IP addresses. Ensure the application's database user account is configured with the principle of least privilege, limiting its ability to perform destructive actions.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the critical nature of unauthenticated SQL injection flaws, security researchers and threat actors are likely to develop exploit code rapidly.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 7.3) of this vulnerability and its potential for unauthenticated exploitation, we strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the immediate application of the vendor-supplied patches. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA KEV list, its impact on data confidentiality and integrity makes it a highly attractive target for attackers. All instances of the affected software should be considered at high risk and must be patched and monitored without delay.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in the Campcodes School File Management System, which could allow an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server. Successful exploitation could lead to a complete system compromise, resulting in unauthorized access to sensitive data, data theft, and disruption of services. Organizations are urged to apply the vendor-provided security patches immediately to mitigate this significant risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13555

Affected Software: Campcodes School File Management System

Affected Versions: 1.0

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists due to improper validation of file uploads within the School File Management System. An authenticated attacker can bypass file type restrictions and upload a malicious script (e.g., a PHP web shell) to a web-accessible directory on the server. By subsequently navigating to the URL of the uploaded file, the attacker can trigger its execution, gaining remote control over the underlying server with the privileges of the web service account.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.3. Exploitation could have a severe impact on the organization, leading to a breach of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Potential consequences include unauthorized access to and exfiltration of sensitive student and faculty records, modification or deletion of critical files, and a complete system takeover. A compromised server could also be used as a staging point to launch further attacks against the internal network, posing a significant risk to the entire organization's security posture.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Immediately apply the security updates provided by the vendor to all affected instances of the Campcodes School File Management System.
• Prior to deployment, test the patches in a non-production environment to ensure they do not disrupt critical operations.
• After patching, closely monitor system logs and network traffic for any signs of attempted or successful exploitation.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Review web server access logs for unusual POST requests to file upload endpoints, especially those containing files with script extensions (.php, .aspx, .jsp).
• Monitor for any unexpected files appearing in web directories.
• Implement file integrity monitoring on application directories to detect unauthorized changes.
• Watch for unusual outbound network connections from the web server, which could indicate a successful compromise.

Compensating Controls:

• If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to inspect file uploads and block malicious file types and content.
• Restrict file upload functionality to the minimum number of trusted administrative users necessary.
• Configure the web server to disable script execution permissions in all directories where files are uploaded.
• Perform strict server-side validation to only allow specific, safe file extensions and content types.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the straightforward nature of arbitrary file upload vulnerabilities, it is highly probable that threat actors will develop exploits and begin scanning for vulnerable systems in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 7.3) and the potential for complete system compromise, this vulnerability requires immediate attention. Although it is not currently listed on the CISA KEV list and no public exploit is available, the risk of future exploitation is significant. We strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the deployment of the vendor-supplied patch across all vulnerable systems to prevent potential data breaches and system takeovers.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in the Campcodes Supplier Management System, published by the vendor Management. This flaw could allow an authenticated attacker to compromise the system, potentially leading to unauthorized access, modification, or theft of sensitive supplier data. Due to the critical role of supplier management systems in business operations, immediate remediation is required to prevent potential supply chain disruption and data breaches.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13554

Affected Software: Management Multiple Products

Affected Versions: The vulnerability is confirmed in Campcodes Supplier Management System version 1.0. See the vendor advisory for a complete list of all affected products and versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an SQL injection flaw that exists in a data management component of the application accessible to authenticated users. An attacker with valid, low-privileged credentials can craft malicious SQL queries and submit them through specific input fields in the web interface. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to bypass security controls and execute arbitrary commands on the back-end database, enabling them to read, modify, or delete sensitive data, including supplier contracts, financial information, and personally identifiable information (PII).

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 7.3. Exploitation could have a significant negative impact on the organization's operations, finances, and reputation. Potential consequences include the theft of sensitive supplier data, unauthorized modification of procurement records leading to financial fraud, and disruption of the supply chain if critical data is deleted or altered. A breach of this nature could also result in regulatory fines, loss of partner trust, and significant reputational damage.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Organizations must apply the security updates provided by the vendor immediately to mitigate this vulnerability. After patching, it is crucial to verify that the patch has been successfully installed and the vulnerability is no longer present.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should actively monitor for signs of compromise. Review web server and database access logs for unusual or malformed SQL queries, especially those originating from authenticated sessions. Monitor for anomalous user account activity, such as logins from unusual locations or attempts to access restricted parts of the application.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following compensating controls:

• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attacks.
• Enforce the principle of least privilege for all user accounts, ensuring they only have access to the data and functions necessary for their roles.
• Restrict network access to the application, allowing connections only from trusted IP addresses and internal networks.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there is no known public proof-of-concept exploit code, and this vulnerability is not being actively exploited in the wild. However, given the nature of SQL injection flaws, it is highly likely that security researchers and threat actors will develop exploit code in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high-severity rating (CVSS 7.3) and the critical function of the affected software, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the organization. Although it is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its potential for causing data breaches and operational disruption warrants immediate attention. We strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the deployment of the vendor-supplied security patches across all affected systems without delay. Subsequently, verify the successful application of the patch and maintain heightened monitoring for any related anomalous activity.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in multiple D-Link products, allowing an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on affected devices. Successful exploitation could grant an attacker complete control over the network router, enabling them to intercept traffic, access the internal network, or launch further attacks. This represents a significant risk to network security and data confidentiality.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13553

Affected Software: D-Link Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions. The D-Link DWR-M920 is confirmed to be affected.

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is an unauthenticated command injection flaw in the web-based management interface of the affected devices. An attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request to a specific administrative endpoint without needing valid credentials. This request can include malicious shell commands that are then executed by the underlying operating system with the highest level of privileges, effectively giving the attacker full control over the device.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A compromised network gateway device poses a direct and severe threat to the organization. An attacker could leverage this access to monitor, redirect, or block all incoming and outgoing internet traffic, leading to data theft, espionage, and significant business disruption. Furthermore, the compromised router can serve as a pivot point for attackers to gain access to the internal corporate network, bypass perimeter defenses, and compromise sensitive internal systems, posing a critical risk to data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Identify all affected D-Link devices on the network and apply the vendor-provided security updates immediately. Prioritize patching for devices that are internet-facing or manage critical network segments. After patching, monitor for any signs of exploitation attempts and review historical access logs for indicators of compromise.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Network Traffic: Monitor for unusual outbound connections from the router's management interface to unknown IP addresses.
• Logs: Review device logs for unauthorized administrative access, unexpected system reboots, or error messages related to shell command execution.
• System Behavior: Use network monitoring tools to detect anomalies such as unexpected configuration changes or high CPU/memory utilization on the affected devices.

Compensating Controls:
If immediate patching is not feasible:

• Disable remote (WAN) access to the device's management interface.
• If remote access is required for business operations, restrict access to a limited set of trusted IP addresses using strict firewall rules.
• Ensure the device is behind a firewall or Web Application Firewall (WAF) that can inspect and block malicious web requests.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there is no known public exploit code available. However, given the nature of command injection vulnerabilities, it is highly probable that threat actors will develop exploits in the near future. Network edge devices like routers are high-value targets for attackers seeking to establish a persistent foothold in a network.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability represents a critical risk and must be addressed with the highest priority. Due to the high CVSS score of 8.8 and the strategic importance of the affected network devices, immediate action is required. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA KEV list, its severity warrants treating it as an actively targeted vulnerability. We strongly recommend that the organization follows the remediation plan immediately to prevent a potential network compromise.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in certain D-Link router models, carrying a CVSS score of 8.8. This flaw could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code and gain complete control over an affected device. Successful exploitation could lead to network traffic interception, data theft, or the compromise of the entire network connected to the device.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13552

Affected Software: D-Link Multiple Products

Affected Versions: D-Link DIR-822K, DWR-M920. See vendor advisory for specific affected firmware versions.

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is an unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE) flaw in the web management interface of the affected devices. An attacker can exploit this by sending a specially crafted HTTP request to the device's web server. The flaw exists due to improper input validation in a specific service, allowing an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary system commands with root-level privileges without needing any prior authentication.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A successful exploit would grant an attacker complete administrative control over the affected network hardware. This could lead to severe business consequences, including the interception of sensitive internal and external network traffic, redirection of users to malicious websites for phishing attacks, and using the compromised device as a pivot point to attack other systems on the internal network. Furthermore, the compromised router could be enlisted into a botnet to conduct Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks, potentially causing reputational damage and service disruption.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Identify all affected D-Link devices within the environment and apply the security updates provided by the vendor immediately. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of compromise that may have occurred prior to remediation by reviewing system and access logs for unauthorized activity.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement enhanced monitoring of network traffic to and from the affected devices. Specifically, look for unusual inbound connection attempts to the web management interface, unexpected device reboots, unauthorized configuration changes, or suspicious outbound traffic originating from the routers. Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) should be updated with signatures for this vulnerability if available.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls as a temporary measure:

• Disable remote (WAN) management of the device's web interface.
• Restrict access to the management interface to a dedicated and trusted administrative network or VLAN.
• Ensure a strong, unique administrative password is in use to limit the impact of other potential attack vectors.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there is no known public proof-of-concept exploit code, and there are no confirmed reports of this vulnerability being actively exploited in the wild. However, given the high severity score and the prevalence of these devices, it is highly probable that threat actors will develop and deploy exploits in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 8.8) of this unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability, we strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the immediate patching of all affected D-Link devices. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its critical nature makes it an attractive target for attackers. The risk of complete network compromise necessitates urgent action. If patching cannot be performed immediately, the compensating controls listed above must be implemented without delay to reduce the attack surface.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in certain D-Link router models, which could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to take complete control of affected devices. Successful exploitation poses a significant risk to network security, potentially leading to data interception, unauthorized access to the internal network, and service disruption. Organizations are urged to apply vendor-supplied security patches immediately to mitigate this threat.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13551

Affected Software: D-Link Multiple Products

Affected Versions: The vulnerability is confirmed in D-Link DIR-822K and DWR-M920. See vendor advisory for specific affected firmware versions.

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is an unauthenticated command injection flaw in the web management interface of the affected devices. An attacker can exploit this by sending a specially crafted HTTP request to the device, which contains malicious commands embedded within a legitimate parameter. The device's firmware fails to properly sanitize this input, allowing the injected commands to be executed on the underlying operating system with root-level privileges, giving the attacker full control over the router.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A successful exploit could have a severe impact on business operations. An attacker gaining control of a network gateway device can intercept sensitive data, pivot to attack other systems on the internal network, disrupt internet connectivity, or incorporate the device into a botnet for use in larger attacks like Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). This can result in data breaches, financial loss, operational downtime, and significant reputational damage.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Identify all vulnerable D-Link DIR-822K and DWR-M920 devices on the network and apply the security updates provided by the vendor immediately. This is the most effective method to permanently resolve the vulnerability.

Proactive Monitoring: Review device and network logs for any signs of compromise. Look for unusual access attempts to the web management interface, unexpected outbound connections from the routers, or unexplained configuration changes. Monitor network traffic for patterns consistent with command-and-control (C2) communication or scanning activity originating from the devices.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls to reduce the risk of exploitation:

• Disable remote (WAN) access to the device's web management interface.
• If remote administration is necessary, restrict access to trusted IP addresses or require access through a secure VPN.
• Use network segmentation to isolate vulnerable devices from critical business assets.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active, in-the-wild exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, given the high severity and the nature of the flaw (unauthenticated remote code execution), it is highly probable that threat actors will develop an exploit in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 8.8, immediate patching is the most critical action to prevent compromise. We strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the identification and patching of all affected D-Link devices. While this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its high severity makes it a likely candidate for future inclusion and a valuable target for attackers. Proactive application of vendor patches and implementation of compensating controls are essential to protect the network boundary from a potential breach.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in multiple D-Link router models, allowing a remote, unauthenticated attacker to potentially execute arbitrary code and take full control of an affected device. Successful exploitation could lead to a complete compromise of network security, enabling attackers to intercept sensitive data, pivot to internal networks, or disrupt connectivity. Organizations are urged to apply vendor-supplied security patches immediately to mitigate this critical risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13550

Affected Software: D-Link Multiple Products

Affected Versions: D-Link DIR-822K, DWR-M920. See vendor advisory for specific affected firmware versions.

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is a remote code execution (RCE) flaw in the web management interface of the affected D-Link routers. The flaw exists due to insufficient input validation when processing certain unauthenticated HTTP requests. An unauthenticated attacker on the same network segment (or on the internet, if remote management is enabled) can send a specially crafted packet to the device's web server, triggering a buffer overflow and allowing for the execution of arbitrary code with root privileges.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A successful exploit would grant an attacker complete control over the network router, which acts as a critical gateway. The potential consequences include interception and theft of all unencrypted network traffic, redirection of users to malicious websites (DNS hijacking), gaining an initial foothold for lateral movement into the corporate network, and using the compromised device as part of a larger botnet for launching DDoS attacks. This poses a significant risk of data breaches, financial loss, operational disruption, and reputational damage.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Identify all vulnerable D-Link devices on the network.
• Apply the security updates and firmware patches provided by D-Link immediately.
• After patching, monitor devices for any signs of compromise that may have occurred prior to the update.
• Review device access logs for any unusual or unauthorized connection attempts, particularly against the web management interface.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Implement network intrusion detection/prevention system (IDS/IPS) rules to detect and block traffic matching known exploit patterns for this CVE.
• Monitor network traffic for anomalous outbound connections originating from the routers, which could indicate command-and-control (C2) communication.
• Monitor for unexpected configuration changes or device reboots, which could be indicators of compromise.

Compensating Controls:

• If patching is not immediately possible, disable remote/WAN access to the device's management interface.
• Restrict access to the management interface to a dedicated, trusted administrative VLAN or specific IP addresses.
• Ensure the device is behind a firewall that can filter malicious traffic before it reaches the vulnerable web interface.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes:
As of November 23, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, vulnerabilities in widely deployed networking equipment are frequently and rapidly weaponized by threat actors for use in botnets and targeted attacks. The lack of current public exploitation should not diminish the urgency of remediation.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 8.8 and the critical role these devices play in network security, this vulnerability represents a significant threat. Although it is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its severity makes it a prime candidate for future inclusion. We strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the immediate patching of all affected D-Link devices. If patching must be delayed, the compensating controls outlined above, particularly disabling and restricting access to the management interface, must be implemented without delay to reduce the attack surface.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in multiple D-Link products, including the DIR-822K router. This flaw allows a remote attacker to potentially take full control of affected devices without authentication. Successful exploitation could lead to network traffic interception, unauthorized access to the internal network, and deployment of malware.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13549

Affected Software: D-Link Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for a complete list of affected products and versions, including specific firmware for the D-Link DIR-822K.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability, rated with a CVSS score of 8.8, likely stems from a flaw such as command injection or a buffer overflow within the device's web management interface. An unauthenticated attacker on the same network (or remotely, if the management interface is exposed to the internet) can send a specially crafted request to the device. This allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code with the highest privileges, effectively gaining complete control over the networking device.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is classified as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. Exploitation could have a significant business impact by compromising the network perimeter. An attacker could intercept sensitive data passing through the router, pivot to attack other systems on the internal network, disrupt internet connectivity, or use the compromised device in a larger botnet for malicious activities. This poses a direct risk to data confidentiality, operational continuity, and the overall security posture of the organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the security updates provided by D-Link immediately across all affected devices. After patching, review device administration and access logs for any signs of compromise that may have occurred prior to the update.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor network traffic for unusual outbound connections originating from the D-Link devices. System administrators should also monitor for unauthorized configuration changes, unexpected device reboots, and suspicious login attempts in the management interface logs.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls to reduce the risk of exploitation:

• Disable remote (WAN) administration of the device.
• Restrict access to the device's management interface to a dedicated and trusted management network or specific IP addresses.
• Ensure the device is behind a firewall that can filter potentially malicious traffic.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: False

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the high severity and the widespread deployment of D-Link products, security researchers and threat actors are likely to develop proof-of-concept exploits in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 8.8, this vulnerability presents a critical risk and requires immediate attention. Organizations must prioritize the deployment of the vendor-supplied patches, focusing first on devices with management interfaces exposed to the internet. Although CVE-2025-13549 is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its severity makes it a likely candidate for future inclusion. We strongly recommend applying patches or compensating controls within the next 72 hours to prevent potential compromise.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in certain D-Link network devices, which could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to take complete control of an affected router. Successful exploitation could lead to network traffic interception, deployment of malware on the internal network, or service disruption. Organizations are urged to apply vendor-supplied security updates immediately to mitigate this critical risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13548

Affected Software: D-Link Multiple Products

Affected Versions: D-Link DIR-822K, DWR-M920. See vendor advisory for specific affected firmware versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an unauthenticated command injection flaw within the web-based management interface of the affected devices. An attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request to a specific administrative endpoint without needing to provide any credentials. This request can contain arbitrary operating system commands which are not properly sanitized by the device, leading to their execution with root-level privileges. This allows a remote attacker with network access to the device's web interface to gain full administrative control.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. Successful exploitation allows an attacker to gain complete control over the affected network device, which often serves as a gateway to the internal network. The potential consequences include interception and redirection of sensitive network traffic, deployment of malware or ransomware, using the compromised device as a pivot point for further attacks into the corporate network, and disruption of internet connectivity, leading to operational downtime. The device could also be co-opted into a botnet for use in larger-scale attacks against other targets.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Organizations must apply the security updates provided by D-Link immediately to all affected devices. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of compromise by reviewing system and access logs for unusual activity that occurred prior to the patch deployment.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor network traffic for anomalous outbound connections originating from the D-Link devices. Review web server access logs on the devices for suspicious requests, particularly those containing shell metacharacters (e.g., ;, |, &&, $(...)). If possible, centralize device logs to a SIEM to correlate and alert on suspicious command execution or unauthorized configuration changes.

Compensating Controls: If patching cannot be performed immediately, restrict access to the device's web management interface to a trusted management network or specific IP addresses. If remote management is not a business requirement, disable it entirely. Consider placing the device behind a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rulesets designed to block common command injection attempts.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there are no known public exploits for this vulnerability. However, given the high severity and the straightforward nature of command injection flaws, it is highly probable that proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits will be developed and released by security researchers or malicious actors in the near future. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the high CVSS score of 8.8 and the critical risk of unauthenticated remote code execution, this vulnerability poses a significant threat to the network perimeter and internal security. We strongly recommend that all affected D-Link devices be patched on an emergency basis. While this vulnerability is not yet on the CISA KEV list, its severity makes it a prime target for future exploitation. If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the compensating controls outlined above, particularly restricting access to the management interface, to urgently reduce the attack surface.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been discovered in multiple D-Link router models, allowing a remote attacker to potentially take full control of the device without any credentials. Successful exploitation could lead to data theft, network disruption, or using the compromised device to attack other systems. Immediate patching is critical to mitigate this significant security risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13547

Affected Software: D-Link Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Specific versions of D-Link DIR-822K and DWR-M920. See vendor advisory for a complete list of affected versions and firmware.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an unauthenticated command injection flaw within the web management interface of the affected devices. A remote attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request to the device's web server. This request can contain arbitrary operating system commands, which are then executed on the device with the highest level of privileges (root), allowing the attacker to gain complete control.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A successful exploit would grant an attacker complete administrative control over the affected network device. This could lead to severe consequences, including the interception of sensitive network traffic, disruption of internet connectivity (Denial of Service), and using the compromised router as a foothold to launch further attacks against the internal network. The compromised device could also be co-opted into a botnet for use in broader malicious campaigns, posing a reputational risk to the organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply the security updates provided by D-Link to all affected devices immediately. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of exploitation attempts by reviewing firewall and device access logs for unusual or malicious activity that may have occurred prior to the update.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should monitor network traffic for anomalous outbound connections originating from the affected routers. Review web server logs on the devices for suspicious requests, specifically looking for patterns indicative of command injection, such as shell metacharacters (e.g., ;, |, &&, $()) in request parameters.

Compensating Controls: If patching cannot be performed immediately, disable remote administration access from the internet. If remote access is required, restrict it to a limited set of trusted IP addresses via firewall rules. Network segmentation should be considered to isolate the vulnerable devices from critical internal assets.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of November 23, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the high severity and the relative ease of exploitation for unauthenticated command injection flaws in network devices, proof-of-concept code is likely to be developed and published by security researchers or threat actors in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability presents a critical risk that requires immediate attention. Given the CVSS score of 8.8, which signifies a highly impactful and easily exploitable flaw, organizations must prioritize the deployment of vendor-supplied patches. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA KEV list, vulnerabilities of this nature are prime targets for automated attacks. We strongly recommend identifying and patching all affected D-Link devices without delay to prevent a network compromise.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the PostGallery plugin for WordPress, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to upload malicious files to a target website. Successful exploitation of this flaw could lead to a complete server compromise, enabling attackers to steal sensitive data, deface the website, or launch further attacks against the organization's network. Due to the high severity and potential for full system takeover, immediate remediation is strongly advised.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13543

Affected Software: PostGallery plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to and including 1.0

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists due to improper file type validation within the 'PostGalleryUploader' class of the PostGallery plugin. An attacker can bypass the file type checks by crafting a special request to upload a file with a malicious extension, such as a PHP script. The server will incorrectly accept and store this file in a web-accessible directory, allowing the attacker to execute it by simply navigating to the file's URL. This provides the attacker with a webshell, enabling arbitrary code execution on the server with the permissions of the web server user.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. A successful exploit could lead to a complete compromise of the web server hosting the WordPress site. The potential consequences include theft of sensitive company or customer data, website defacement leading to reputational damage, and the installation of malware to attack site visitors. Furthermore, a compromised server could be used as a pivot point to launch attacks against other systems within the corporate network, posing a significant risk to the entire organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Immediately identify all WordPress instances using the PostGallery plugin and update it to the latest patched version provided by the vendor.
• If the plugin is not essential for business operations, the recommended course of action is to disable and completely remove it to eliminate this attack vector.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Monitor web server access logs for suspicious POST requests to the plugin's upload functionality, specifically looking for attempts to upload files with executable extensions (e.g., .php, .phtml, .sh).
• Implement File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) to alert on the creation of new, unexpected files in the WordPress uploads directory.
• Monitor for unusual outbound network connections from the web server, which could indicate a reverse shell or data exfiltration.

Compensating Controls:

• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to inspect file uploads and block requests containing executable file types.
• Harden web server configurations to disable script execution (e.g., PHP) within the uploads directory.
• Enforce strict file permissions on the web server to ensure that uploaded files cannot be executed by the server process.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: False (as of December 4, 2025)

Analyst Notes: As of December 4, 2025, there is no known public proof-of-concept exploit code, and this vulnerability is not being actively exploited in the wild. However, arbitrary file upload vulnerabilities in WordPress plugins are a common target for threat actors. It is highly likely that a functional exploit will be developed and integrated into automated scanning tools in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability represents a critical risk to the organization's web presence and underlying infrastructure. Given the high CVSS score of 8.8 and the typical ease of exploiting arbitrary file upload flaws, immediate action is required. All teams managing WordPress sites must prioritize updating the PostGallery plugin or removing it if it is no longer needed. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its high severity and potential for full server compromise warrant treating it with the same level of urgency as a known exploited vulnerability.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability exists in the DesignThemes LMS plugin for WordPress that allows any unauthenticated user to register a new account with full administrator privileges. This flaw provides attackers with complete control over an affected website, enabling them to steal data, deface the site, or install malicious software. Immediate patching is required to prevent a full system compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13542

Affected Software: The DesignThemes LMS plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.0.4

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a privilege escalation flaw within the plugin's user registration functionality. The dtlms_register_user_front_end function, which handles new user creation, fails to validate or restrict the user role that can be assigned during registration. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this by submitting a crafted registration request that includes a parameter specifying the 'administrator' role. Because the backend does not sanitize this input, the system processes the request and creates a new user with the highest possible level of administrative access.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Successful exploitation grants an attacker complete administrative control over the WordPress site. The potential business impact is severe and includes, but is not limited to, theft of sensitive user data and intellectual property, website defacement leading to reputational damage, injection of malware to attack site visitors, and using the compromised server for further malicious activities such as hosting phishing campaigns or participating in botnets. The ease of exploitation by an unauthenticated attacker significantly increases the risk to any organization using the affected plugin.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the DesignThemes LMS plugin for WordPress to the latest version (greater than 1.0.4) where this vulnerability has been patched. After updating, conduct a thorough audit of all user accounts, especially those with administrator privileges, to identify and remove any unauthorized accounts created by attackers.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server access logs for suspicious POST requests to user registration pages, specifically looking for requests that contain parameters such as role=administrator. Implement file integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized changes to core WordPress files or plugin files. Regularly review WordPress security logs for unusual user creation or privilege modification events.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, consider disabling user registration through the DesignThemes LMS plugin as a temporary measure. Alternatively, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to inspect and block any registration requests that attempt to specify a user role, particularly 'administrator'.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: False

Analyst Notes: As of December 2, 2025, there are no known public exploit scripts for this vulnerability. However, due to the trivial nature of the flaw, it is highly likely that threat actors can independently develop an exploit with minimal effort. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, but this status could change rapidly as it becomes more widely known.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the ability for an unauthenticated attacker to achieve a full site compromise, this vulnerability poses a severe and immediate threat. We strongly recommend that all organizations using the affected plugin apply the security update on an emergency basis. A post-patch audit for indicators of compromise, such as unauthorized administrator accounts or suspicious files, is essential to ensure the integrity of the website has not already been violated.

Executive Summary:
A critical privilege escalation vulnerability has been identified in the Tiare Membership plugin for WordPress. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to create a new user account with full administrator privileges by simply manipulating a user registration request. Successful exploitation grants the attacker complete control over the affected website, leading to potential data theft, site defacement, and further system compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13540

Affected Software: Tiare Membership plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.2

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within the tiare_membership_init_rest_api_register function, which handles user registration via the WordPress REST API. The function fails to validate or restrict the user role that can be assigned during account creation. An unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted API request to the registration endpoint and include the 'administrator' role in the request parameters. The plugin will process this request without proper authorization checks, resulting in the creation of a new user with full administrative access to the WordPress site.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8, reflecting the high potential for significant business disruption. A successful exploit leads to a complete compromise of the website's confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The potential consequences include theft of sensitive customer or business data, financial loss from disruption to e-commerce functions, and severe reputational damage from website defacement or malware distribution. A compromised website can also be used as a staging ground for launching further attacks against other systems within the organization's network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Immediately update the Tiare Membership plugin for WordPress to the latest patched version (greater than 1.2) as recommended by the vendor.
• After patching, conduct a thorough audit of all user accounts, particularly those with administrator privileges. Identify and remove any unauthorized accounts that may have been created.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Review web server and API logs for POST requests to user registration endpoints. Specifically, search for requests containing a role parameter with a value of administrator or other privileged roles.
• Enable and monitor WordPress security audit logs for suspicious activities, such as the creation of new administrative users from unknown IP addresses or at unusual times.
• Utilize a file integrity monitoring system to detect unauthorized changes to core WordPress files, themes, or plugins.

Compensating Controls:

• If immediate patching is not feasible, deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to inspect and block registration requests that attempt to set a privileged user role.
• Temporarily disable user registration through the plugin if the functionality is not critical to business operations.
• Restrict access to the WordPress REST API endpoints, especially for user registration, allowing connections only from trusted IP addresses.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Nov 27, 2025, there are no reports of active exploitation in the wild. However, the vulnerability is extremely easy to exploit, requiring only a single crafted web request. Due to this low complexity, proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit code is widely available, and it is highly probable that automated scanning and mass exploitation campaigns will begin targeting vulnerable sites in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the ease of exploitation, this vulnerability poses a severe and immediate threat. We strongly recommend that organizations using the affected plugin apply the security update on an emergency basis. Following the update, a comprehensive security review must be performed to search for and remediate any signs of prior compromise. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its critical nature makes it a prime candidate for future inclusion, and it should be treated with the highest priority.

Executive Summary:
A critical authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the FindAll Membership plugin for WordPress, rated 9.8 on the CVSS scale. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker who knows an administrator's email address to gain full administrative control over the website. Successful exploitation could lead to complete site compromise, data theft, and significant reputational damage.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13539

Affected Software: The FindAll Membership plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.0.4

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within the social login functions for Facebook ('findall_membership_check_facebook_user') and Google ('findall_membership_check_google_user'). After a user's identity is successfully verified by the social media provider, the plugin fails to correctly log the user into the associated account. An attacker can exploit this by creating a temporary user account, initiating a social login, and then manipulating the flawed process to log in as a different, existing user (e.g., an administrator) by simply providing that user's email address. This bypasses all standard password and authentication checks, granting the attacker the privileges of the impersonated account.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Exploitation grants an attacker complete administrative control over the affected WordPress site. The potential consequences include theft of sensitive user data, financial information, and intellectual property; website defacement; distribution of malware to site visitors; and using the compromised server to launch further attacks. Such an incident can result in severe financial loss, regulatory fines, loss of customer trust, and lasting damage to the organization's reputation.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the FindAll Membership plugin for WordPress to the latest version available from the vendor (a version later than 1.0.4). After patching, review all administrative accounts for signs of compromise, such as unexpected password changes or suspicious activity.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server and WordPress access logs for unusual login patterns, such as a new temporary user registration immediately followed by a successful administrative login from the same IP address. Monitor for unauthorized changes to website files, themes, or plugins, and look for the creation of any unexpected administrative accounts.

Compensating Controls: If patching is not immediately possible, consider the following mitigating actions:

• Disable the Facebook and Google social login features within the FindAll Membership plugin's settings.
• Temporarily disable all new user registrations on the website.
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to detect and block anomalous login behavior.
• Enforce Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for all administrative accounts, as this may add a layer of protection against a successful session hijack.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of the publication date of this advisory (Nov 27, 2025), there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, given the low complexity of the attack—requiring only an administrator's email address—it is highly probable that threat actors will develop exploits and begin targeting vulnerable sites in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the ease of exploitation, this vulnerability poses an immediate and severe threat to any organization using the affected plugin. We strongly recommend that administrators prioritize applying the security update immediately. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its critical nature warrants an emergency-level response to prevent a full system compromise.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the FindAll Listing plugin for WordPress, which allows an unauthenticated attacker to create an administrator account on an affected website. Successful exploitation, which requires the FindAll Membership plugin to also be active, results in a complete compromise of the site, granting the attacker full control over its content, users, and data. Due to the ease of exploitation and the high potential for damage, this vulnerability poses a severe risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-13538

Affected Software: The FindAll Listing plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 1.0.5

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within the findall_listing_user_registration_additional_params function, which is responsible for processing user registration data. The function fails to properly sanitize or restrict the user roles that can be assigned during account creation. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this by submitting a standard user registration request and manipulating the parameters to include role=administrator. Because the vulnerable function does not validate this input, the system creates a new user with full administrative privileges. This attack is only possible if the FindAll Membership plugin is also installed and activated, as it provides the user registration functionality that the vulnerable function hooks into.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. An attacker who successfully exploits this flaw gains complete administrative control over the affected WordPress site. This can lead to severe business consequences, including theft of sensitive customer or corporate data, website defacement, distribution of malware to visitors, and complete service disruption. The resulting reputational damage and potential financial losses from data breaches or cleanup costs are significant. Given that the attack can be launched by any unauthenticated user, the risk to public-facing websites using the affected plugins is extremely high.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the FindAll Listing plugin for WordPress to the latest patched version (greater than 1.0.5). After updating, conduct a thorough review of all user accounts, especially those with administrator privileges, to identify and remove any unauthorized accounts that may have been created. Review server access logs for suspicious registration attempts.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server and application logs for an increase in POST requests to user registration endpoints. Specifically, look for requests containing parameters such as role=administrator or other privileged roles. Implement alerts for the creation of new administrative accounts to enable rapid detection of potential compromises.

Compensating Controls: If patching is not immediately possible, consider the following temporary measures:

• Disable user registration functionality through the FindAll Membership plugin entirely.
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to inspect and block registration requests that contain a role parameter specifying a privileged role (e.g., 'administrator', 'editor').
• Restrict access to the registration page to trusted IP addresses if feasible for the business use case.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of Nov 27, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the simplicity of the attack vector, it is highly likely that exploits will be developed and used by threat actors in the near future. The dependency on having both the FindAll Listing and FindAll Membership plugins active may limit the attack surface, but organizations using this combination are at immediate risk.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the low complexity required for exploitation, this vulnerability requires immediate attention. We strongly recommend that all organizations using the affected plugins apply the security update provided by the vendor without delay. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its severity makes it a prime candidate for future inclusion. A post-patch audit of all administrator-level accounts is crucial to ensure the site was not compromised prior to remediation.