Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in multiple favethemes Houzez products, assigned CVE-2025-49405. This flaw allows an attacker to trick the application into including and potentially executing unintended files from the local server, which could lead to sensitive information disclosure or further system compromise. Organizations using the affected software are at significant risk and should apply vendor-supplied patches immediately.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49405

Affected Software: favethemes Houzez Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a Local File Inclusion (LFI) flaw resulting from an Improper Control of a Filename for an Include/Require Statement in the PHP code. An attacker can manipulate an input parameter, likely in a URL, to specify a path to a file on the server's local file system. The application will then include the contents of this specified file, which could be executed if it contains PHP code or displayed to the attacker if it is a text-based file, such as a configuration file containing database credentials or system files like /etc/passwd.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.1. Successful exploitation could have a significant business impact, including the breach of sensitive data stored on the server, such as customer information, intellectual property, or system credentials. This can lead to severe financial loss, regulatory fines, and reputational damage. If an attacker can leverage this LFI to achieve code execution (for instance, by including a previously uploaded file), they could gain full control over the affected web server, enabling them to pivot further into the corporate network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply the security updates provided by the vendor, favethemes, immediately across all affected systems. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of exploitation attempts by reviewing web server and application access logs for suspicious activity that may have occurred prior to the patch.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should actively monitor web server logs for common LFI attack patterns. Look for requests containing directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../, ..\/), absolute file paths (e.g., /etc/passwd, C:\windows\system.ini), and attempts to include PHP wrappers like php://filter. An increase in HTTP 404 or 500 error codes from specific IP addresses could indicate an attacker probing for this vulnerability.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to detect and block LFI and directory traversal attack patterns. Additionally, enforce strict file system permissions to ensure the web server process can only read/write to its designated directories, limiting the impact of a successful LFI exploit.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of August 28, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, vulnerabilities of this type in popular products are often quickly reverse-engineered by threat actors. The CVE description mentions 'PHP Remote File Inclusion' but clarifies the impact is 'PHP Local File Inclusion', which is a critical distinction, as it typically requires the attacker to access files already on the server rather than from an external source.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 8.1, it is strongly recommended that organizations prioritize the immediate application of the vendor-supplied patches. While this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA KEV list and no public exploits are available, the risk of future exploitation is high. Proactive patching is the most effective defense to prevent potential data breaches and system compromise resulting from this vulnerability.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in multiple purethemes products, specifically within the Listeo-Core component. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to manipulate the application's database, potentially leading to the theft, modification, or deletion of sensitive information. Organizations using the affected software are at significant risk of a data breach.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49404

Affected Software: purethemes Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command, commonly known as SQL Injection. It exists within the Listeo-Core component where user-supplied input is not properly sanitized before being used in a database query. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious input string that contains SQL commands, which are then executed by the back-end database, allowing for unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion.

Business Impact

This is a High severity vulnerability with a CVSS score of 8.5. Successful exploitation could lead to severe business consequences, including a complete compromise of the application's database. The primary risks include the breach of sensitive customer or corporate data, loss of data integrity through unauthorized modification or deletion, and potential service disruption. Such an incident could result in significant reputational damage, financial loss, and regulatory penalties.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply vendor patches immediately to remediate the vulnerability at its source. As a best practice, review database access controls to ensure the application's database user operates with the principle of least privilege. It is also recommended to enable and review detailed database query logging to detect potential exploitation attempts.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web application firewall (WAF), web server, and database logs for suspicious patterns, such as queries containing SQL syntax like UNION, SELECT, --, or ' OR '1'='1'. Establish alerts for an abnormally high volume of database errors or unusual query structures originating from the application.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attacks. Restrict network access to the application where possible and harden the database user's permissions to be strictly read-only for non-essential tables.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of the publication date, August 28, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active attacks targeting this vulnerability. However, SQL injection is a well-understood vulnerability class, and threat actors can quickly develop exploits for high-value targets. Organizations should assume that exploitation is likely in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the High severity (CVSS 8.5) of this vulnerability, immediate remediation is strongly recommended. Organizations using affected purethemes products must prioritize the deployment of the official vendor patch to prevent a potential data breach. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its critical nature makes it an attractive target for attackers. The recommended remediation and monitoring actions should be implemented without delay to mitigate the significant risk to data confidentiality and integrity.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the ExpressTech Systems Quiz And Survey Master software, rated with a CVSS score of 9.8 out of 10. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject malicious code and gain complete control over the affected server by sending specially crafted data. Successful exploitation could lead to significant data theft, service disruption, and further compromise of the network.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49401

Affected Software: ExpressTech Systems Quiz And Survey Master

Affected Versions: All versions up to and including 10.2.5

Vulnerability: The software is vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data. The application fails to properly validate user-supplied input before deserializing it, which is the process of restoring a data structure or object from a string format. An attacker can craft a malicious serialized object and send it to the application, and when the application processes this data, it can trigger the execution of arbitrary code on the server with the privileges of the web service account.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is of critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. A successful exploit could result in a full system compromise, granting an attacker complete control over the web server. This could lead to the theft of sensitive data such as user information and survey results, installation of ransomware or other malware, website defacement, or using the compromised server as a launchpad for further attacks against the internal network. The potential impact on business operations, reputation, and data confidentiality is severe.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the ExpressTech Systems Quiz And Survey Master software to a version higher than 10.2.5, as recommended by the vendor. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of exploitation that may have occurred prior to remediation by reviewing web server access logs and system logs for suspicious activity.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server and application logs for unusual or malformed requests, particularly those containing long, encoded strings which may be indicative of a serialized object payload. Monitor for unexpected outbound network connections or new processes being spawned by the web server process, which could indicate a successful compromise.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, consider implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to detect and block object injection and deserialization attacks. Restricting access to the application from untrusted networks can also reduce the attack surface. If the application is not business-critical, consider taking it offline until it can be patched.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of Sep 5, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, due to the critical severity (CVSS 9.8) and the nature of the flaw, it is highly probable that threat actors will develop and deploy exploits rapidly.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity of this vulnerability, immediate action is required. Organizations must prioritize the deployment of the vendor-supplied patch for all affected instances of Quiz And Survey Master without delay. Although this CVE is not currently on the CISA KEV list, its high CVSS score makes it a prime target for exploitation. All remediation and monitoring actions should be treated with the highest urgency to prevent a potential system compromise.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in the Miraculous Core Plugin, which allows for privilege escalation. An attacker with low-level access could exploit this flaw to gain administrative privileges, potentially leading to a complete compromise of the affected website or application. Due to the high severity (CVSS 9.8), immediate remediation is required to prevent data theft, website defacement, or further unauthorized access into the network.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49388

Affected Software: kamleshyadav Miraculous Core Plugin

Affected Versions: All versions up to and including 2.0.7

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an Incorrect Privilege Assignment flaw. The plugin fails to properly validate or enforce user permissions for certain functions. An authenticated attacker with low-level privileges (e.g., a subscriber) can craft a specific request to exploit this weakness and grant their own account higher-level privileges, such as those of an administrator. This allows the attacker to bypass security controls and gain unauthorized administrative control over the system.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Successful exploitation could lead to a complete system compromise. Potential consequences include theft of sensitive data (customer information, user credentials, proprietary data), unauthorized modification or deletion of website content, installation of malware or backdoors, and using the compromised system to launch further attacks. Such an incident could result in significant financial loss, severe reputational damage, and potential legal or regulatory penalties.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the Miraculous Core Plugin to the latest version available from the vendor (a version later than 2.0.7). After patching, review user accounts for any unauthorized privilege changes and audit administrative logs for suspicious activity originating from unexpected user accounts.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring of application and web server logs. Specifically, look for unusual or unauthorized changes to user roles and permissions, administrative actions performed by non-administrative accounts, and unexpected plugin or core file modifications. Network traffic should be monitored for patterns consistent with privilege escalation attempts.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, consider the following controls:

• Disable the Miraculous Core Plugin until it can be patched.
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to block privilege escalation attempts.
• Restrict access to the application from untrusted networks.
• Enforce the principle of least privilege for all user accounts, ensuring they only have the permissions essential for their roles.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of the published date, Aug 28, 2025, there is no known public proof-of-concept exploit, and the vulnerability is not listed on the CISA KEV catalog. However, due to the critical severity and the straightforward nature of privilege escalation vulnerabilities, threat actors are highly likely to develop exploits. Organizations should assume exploitation is imminent.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability poses an immediate and severe risk to the organization. We strongly recommend that all systems running the affected versions of the Miraculous Core Plugin be patched immediately. The potential for a complete system compromise necessitates treating this as a top-priority remediation effort. Do not wait for active exploitation to be reported; proactive patching is essential to prevent a security breach.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-49387, has been discovered in the Drag and Drop File Upload for Elementor Forms plugin. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to upload malicious files, such as a web shell, directly to the web server. Successful exploitation could result in a complete compromise of the server, leading to data theft, service disruption, and further attacks into the network.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49387

Affected Software: Drag and Drop File Upload for Elementor Forms

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type. The application fails to properly validate the file types being uploaded via the Elementor form functionality. An unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the file type restrictions and upload a file with a dangerous extension (e.g., .php). By subsequently accessing the URL of the uploaded file, the attacker can trigger its execution on the server, leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE).

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 10.0. A successful exploit grants an attacker full control over the affected web server, equivalent to the permissions of the web server's user account. The potential business impact is severe and includes the theft of sensitive company and customer data, website defacement, disruption of business operations, and significant reputational damage. The compromised server could also be used as a staging point to launch further attacks against internal network resources, posing a substantial risk to the entire organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the "Drag and Drop File Upload for Elementor Forms" plugin to the latest patched version provided by the vendor. After patching, conduct a thorough review of web server access logs and the file system's upload directories for any suspicious files or access patterns that may indicate a prior compromise.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Log Analysis: Scrutinize web server logs for POST requests to file upload endpoints, paying close attention to the filenames and extensions. Search for any GET requests to executable file types (e.g., .php, .phtml, .aspx) within user-writable directories.
• File Integrity Monitoring (FIM): Implement or review FIM alerts for the creation of new, unexpected files in web-accessible directories, particularly the designated upload folders.
• Network Traffic: Monitor for anomalous outbound network connections from the web server, which could be indicative of a reverse shell established by an attacker.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, consider the following mitigating actions:

• Disable the file upload feature within the plugin or disable the plugin entirely until it can be patched.
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules configured to block the upload of files with executable extensions.
• Harden web server configurations to prevent script execution within the uploads directory.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Aug 28, 2025, proof-of-concept exploit code is publicly available. Due to the ease of exploitation and the high impact (RCE), widespread scanning and exploitation attempts by threat actors are expected. Although this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its critical nature makes it a prime candidate for future inclusion.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 10.0 and the public availability of exploit code, this vulnerability requires immediate attention. The primary recommendation is to apply the vendor-supplied patch to all affected systems without delay. Due to the high likelihood of exploitation, organizations should operate under the assumption of compromise and initiate incident response procedures, including hunting for indicators of compromise as outlined in the Proactive Monitoring section. This vulnerability represents a direct and immediate threat to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected web server and connected systems.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in multiple CocoBasic Neresa products, which could allow an attacker to read sensitive files on the server. This flaw, known as Local File Inclusion, can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially leading to the exposure of confidential data, system credentials, and application source code, ultimately risking a full system compromise. Organizations are urged to apply the vendor-provided security updates immediately to mitigate this significant risk.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49383

Affected Software: CocoBasic Neresa Multiple Products

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an Improper Control of a Filename used in a PHP include or require statement. An attacker can manipulate an input parameter, likely in the URL, to control which file is loaded by the application on the server. By using directory traversal techniques (e.g., ../../), the attacker can force the application to include and potentially execute or display the contents of arbitrary files from the local filesystem. This could allow an attacker to read sensitive configuration files containing database credentials, system user files like /etc/passwd, or even execute arbitrary code if they can first upload a malicious file to the server.

Business Impact

This vulnerability presents a high risk to the organization, reflected by its CVSS score of 8.1. Successful exploitation could lead to a significant data breach, exposing sensitive customer information, intellectual property, or internal credentials stored on the server. The disclosure of configuration files could provide an attacker with the necessary information to pivot and compromise other systems, such as databases. This could result in severe reputational damage, regulatory fines, and financial loss associated with incident response and recovery.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the security updates provided by CocoBasic Neresa across all affected products without delay. Prioritize patching for internet-facing systems. After patching, it is crucial to review web server access and error logs for any signs of past or ongoing exploitation attempts.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should actively monitor web server logs for suspicious requests containing directory traversal patterns (e.g., ../, ..%2f) or attempts to access common sensitive files (e.g., wp-config.php, .env, /etc/passwd). Monitor for unusual outbound traffic from web servers, which could indicate a successful compromise and data exfiltration. Implement alerts for repeated HTTP 404 or 500 errors associated with file-loading parameters, as these can indicate failed exploitation attempts.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block Local File Inclusion and directory traversal attack patterns. Additionally, ensure the web server process is running with the lowest possible privileges and is restricted from accessing unnecessary files and directories on the server's filesystem.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of August 28, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, Local File Inclusion is a well-understood and common vulnerability class, and it is highly likely that exploits will be developed by security researchers and threat actors in the near future. The vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity (CVSS 8.1) and the potential for remote exploitation, this vulnerability requires immediate attention. We strongly recommend that organizations identify all affected CocoBasic Neresa products within their environment and apply the vendor-supplied patches on an emergency basis, prioritizing critical and internet-exposed assets. Although there is no evidence of active exploitation at this time, the risk of it occurring is high. If patching is delayed, the implementation of a WAF and enhanced monitoring should be treated as a critical, albeit temporary, risk mitigation measure.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability has been identified in the JobZilla WordPress theme, which could allow an attacker to gain administrative control over an affected website. An attacker can exploit this by tricking a logged-in administrator into clicking a malicious link, forcing their browser to perform actions without their consent, such as creating a new admin account for the attacker. This could lead to a full site compromise, data theft, and reputational damage.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49382

Affected Software: WordPress DexignZone JobZilla - Job Board WordPress Theme

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists due to insufficient CSRF protection on critical administrative functions within the JobZilla theme. An unauthenticated attacker can craft a malicious web page or link containing a specific request targeted at the vulnerable WordPress site. If an authenticated administrator visits this malicious page or clicks the link, their browser will automatically send the forged request to the website. Because the request is sent from the administrator's authenticated session, the website processes it as a legitimate action, leading to privilege escalation, such as creating a new administrative user or modifying existing user permissions.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.8. Successful exploitation could grant an attacker full administrative control over the affected WordPress site. This could lead to severe business consequences, including theft of sensitive user data, financial information, or intellectual property; website defacement or disruption of services; and the use of the compromised website to host malware or launch further attacks against visitors. The resulting reputational damage and potential regulatory fines for data breaches pose a significant risk to the organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Immediately update the "JobZilla - Job Board WordPress Theme" to the latest version provided by the vendor, which contains the necessary security patch.
• After updating, perform a thorough review of all user accounts, particularly those with administrative privileges, to identify and remove any unauthorized accounts.
• If the theme is no longer required for business operations, it should be deactivated and completely removed from the WordPress installation to eliminate the attack surface.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Monitor web server and application logs for suspicious activity, such as the unexpected creation of new administrative accounts or sudden changes to user roles and permissions originating from administrative sessions.
• Analyze network traffic for unusual POST requests to WordPress administrative functions (e.g., within /wp-admin/), especially those lacking standard security tokens (nonces).
• Implement file integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized changes to core WordPress, theme, or plugin files.

Compensating Controls:

• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to detect and block common CSRF attack patterns.
• Enforce Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for all administrative accounts to add another layer of security, making it harder for an attacker to perform privileged actions even if a CSRF attack is successful.
• Ensure all administrators are trained to log out of their sessions when not in use and to be cautious of clicking unsolicited links, even if they appear to be from a trusted source.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes:
As of August 20, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this specific vulnerability. However, CSRF vulnerabilities in popular WordPress components are frequently targeted by threat actors shortly after disclosure due to their relative ease of exploitation. The likelihood of a proof-of-concept exploit being developed and published is high.

Analyst Recommendation
Given the high severity (CVSS 8.8) and the critical impact of a successful privilege escalation attack, immediate remediation is strongly recommended. Organizations must prioritize the update of the affected JobZilla theme across all relevant WordPress instances without delay. Although this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its potential for complete system compromise warrants urgent attention to prevent future exploitation.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-49060, has been discovered in the CMSSuperHeroes Wastia product. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to upload a malicious file, such as a web shell, directly to the web server, resulting in complete system compromise and remote code execution. Due to its ease of exploitation and maximum potential impact, this vulnerability is rated with the highest possible CVSS score of 10.0.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49060

Affected Software: CMSSuperHeroes Wastia

Affected Versions: All versions prior to 1.1.3

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type. The application fails to properly validate the type or content of files uploaded by users. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious script (e.g., a PHP web shell) and uploading it to the server, potentially disguising it as a benign file type like an image. Once the file is on the server, the attacker can navigate to it via a URL, causing the server to execute the script and grant the attacker full remote control over the web server.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is of critical severity with a CVSS score of 10. Successful exploitation would lead to a complete compromise of the web server's confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Potential consequences include theft of sensitive data (customer information, intellectual property), website defacement, service disruption, and the server being used as a pivot point to attack the internal network. This could result in significant financial loss, regulatory fines, and severe reputational damage to the organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the CMSSuperHeroes Wastia product to version 1.1.3 or the latest available version provided by the vendor. After patching, it is crucial to review web-accessible directories for any suspicious or unrecognized files that may have been uploaded prior to the update. Monitor server access logs for any exploitation attempts or unusual activity.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement monitoring to detect and alert on suspicious file uploads, particularly files with executable extensions (.php, .phtml, .aspx, .jsp) in upload directories. Review web server logs for POST requests to file upload endpoints that originate from untrusted sources or contain suspicious filenames. Monitor for unexpected outbound network connections from the web server, which could indicate a successful web shell compromise.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with strict rules to inspect and block malicious file uploads. Configure the web server to disallow script execution in directories where file uploads are stored. As a last resort, disable the vulnerable file upload functionality entirely until the system can be patched.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of Oct 22, 2025, there are no known public exploits for this vulnerability, and it is not currently listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, vulnerabilities of this type (unrestricted file upload) are trivial to exploit and proof-of-concept code is often developed quickly by security researchers and threat actors. Organizations should assume that exploitation is imminent.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 10.0, this vulnerability represents the highest possible level of risk to the organization. The Analyst recommends treating this as an emergency and applying the required patches immediately across all affected systems. Although not yet on the CISA KEV list, the ease of exploitation and potential for complete system takeover necessitate an urgent response. All instances of the Wastia product must be identified and updated without delay to prevent a catastrophic security breach.

Executive Summary:
A critical SQL Injection vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-49059, has been discovered in the CleverReach® WordPress Plugin. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject malicious SQL commands, potentially leading to a complete compromise of the website's database. Successful exploitation could result in the theft of sensitive data, unauthorized modification of content, or a full denial of service.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49059

Affected Software: CleverReach® WordPress Plugin (CleverReach® WP)

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists because the CleverReach® WP plugin fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before it is used to construct a database query. An unauthenticated remote attacker can submit a specially crafted request containing malicious SQL syntax to a vulnerable endpoint. This input is then executed by the database, allowing the attacker to bypass security controls, exfiltrate sensitive information (such as user credentials, customer data, and other private information), modify or delete data, and in some cases, gain command execution on the underlying database server.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.3, posing a significant and immediate risk to the business. Exploitation can lead to a severe data breach, exposing sensitive customer or internal data and resulting in substantial reputational damage, regulatory fines (e.g., under GDPR or CCPA), and loss of customer trust. The ability for an attacker to modify or delete data could disrupt business operations, while a full database compromise could lead to a complete takeover of the web application.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the CleverReach® WP plugin to the latest patched version provided by the vendor. After applying the update, it is essential to monitor for any continued exploitation attempts and conduct a thorough review of historical access logs to identify any potential indicators of compromise that may have occurred prior to patching.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement enhanced monitoring of web server and database logs. Look for suspicious requests containing SQL keywords and syntax (e.g., UNION SELECT, SLEEP(), ' OR '1'='1'), an unusual number of database errors, or unexpected traffic patterns targeting the application. Utilize security information and event management (SIEM) systems to create alerts for these patterns.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with a robust ruleset designed to detect and block SQL injection attacks. Additionally, ensure the application's database user account operates with the principle of least privilege, restricting its ability to read sensitive tables or perform destructive actions, thereby limiting the potential impact of a successful exploit.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of the publication date, Aug 14, 2025, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. This vulnerability is not listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, due to the critical severity and ease of exploitation typical for SQL injection flaws, threat actors are highly likely to develop exploits in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.3, we strongly recommend that organizations using the CleverReach® WP plugin treat this vulnerability with the highest priority. The patch should be applied immediately across all affected assets. Although there is no evidence of active exploitation at this time, the public disclosure of this vulnerability makes it a prime target for attackers. Proactive patching is the most effective strategy to prevent a potentially devastating security incident.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity vulnerability has been identified in multiple octagonwebstudio products, specifically the Premium Addons for KingComposer. This flaw, a Local File Inclusion, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to read sensitive files from the underlying server. Successful exploitation could lead to the exposure of confidential data, system credentials, and other critical information, potentially enabling further system compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-49036

Affected Software: octagonwebstudio Premium Addons for KingComposer

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is classified as an Improper Control of a Filename for an Include/Require Statement in a PHP Program. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input that is used as a filename in a PHP include or require statement. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious request containing directory traversal characters (e.g., ../) to navigate the server's file system and include arbitrary files. This allows the attacker to read the contents of sensitive files, such as configuration files containing database credentials (wp-config.php), system user files (/etc/passwd), or application source code.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as High severity with a CVSS score of 8.1. Exploitation can have a significant negative impact on the business, leading to the compromise of sensitive data. Key risks include the disclosure of customer information, intellectual property, or internal credentials, which could result in regulatory fines, financial loss, and severe reputational damage. Furthermore, the information gathered through this vulnerability could serve as a foothold for attackers to launch more sophisticated attacks, potentially leading to a full system compromise.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action:

• Patch Immediately: Apply the security updates provided by the vendor, octagonwebstudio, across all affected systems without delay. This is the most effective method to remediate the vulnerability.
• Monitor and Review: Actively monitor for signs of exploitation. Review web server access logs and application logs for requests containing directory traversal patterns or suspicious file access attempts targeting the affected components.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Log Analysis: Scrutinize web server logs for GET or POST requests containing payloads like ../, ..%2f, or other variations of directory traversal sequences in URL parameters.
• File Integrity Monitoring (FIM): Use FIM tools to detect unauthorized changes to critical system files or the creation of unexpected files in web-accessible directories.
• Egress Traffic Filtering: Monitor outbound network traffic from the web server for unusual connections, which could indicate data exfiltration or a successful compromise.

Compensating Controls:

• Web Application Firewall (WAF): If immediate patching is not feasible, implement or update WAF rules to detect and block LFI attack patterns and directory traversal attempts.
• PHP Hardening: Ensure the PHP configuration restricts file access by properly configuring the open_basedir directive to limit the files that can be accessed by PHP scripts.
• Principle of Least Privilege: Verify that the web server process is running with the minimum permissions necessary, limiting the scope of files an attacker can access if the vulnerability is exploited.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: False

Analyst Notes: As of August 14, 2025, there are no known public exploits or active exploitation campaigns targeting this vulnerability. However, Local File Inclusion vulnerabilities are well-understood and relatively simple to exploit. It is highly probable that proof-of-concept code will be developed and released by security researchers or threat actors in the near future.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score of 8.1 and the direct risk of sensitive data exposure, it is imperative that organizations treat this vulnerability as a high priority. We strongly recommend applying the vendor-supplied patch to all affected systems immediately. While this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its severity warrants urgent action. Proactive monitoring should be implemented to detect any potential exploitation attempts that may have occurred prior to patching.