CVE-2025-49761

7.8

Microsoft · Windows

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Windows Kernel allows a locally authenticated attacker to achieve privilege escalation.

Executive summary

A high-severity use-after-free vulnerability in the Windows Kernel allows local attackers to gain elevated privileges on affected systems.

Vulnerability

The flaw is a use-after-free error (CWE-416) within the Windows Kernel. An attacker who has already obtained low-level local access can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code with elevated system privileges.

Business impact

Successful exploitation allows an attacker to bypass security boundaries and gain full control over the host operating system. This presents a critical risk to organizational data integrity, as a local attacker can escalate their access to perform unauthorized actions, install persistent backdoors, or exfiltrate sensitive information. Given the CVSS score of 7.8, this vulnerability is categorized as High severity, necessitating prompt attention to prevent lateral movement within the network.

Remediation

Immediate Action: Apply the relevant security updates provided by Microsoft in the official update guide to address the kernel-level vulnerability.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor system logs for unexpected privilege escalation events, abnormal kernel process activity, or unauthorized attempts to access sensitive system files.

Compensating Controls: Ensure robust endpoint protection platforms are deployed and that the principle of least privilege is enforced to limit the impact of an attacker gaining initial local access.

Exploitation status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown.

Analyst recommendation

Organizations should prioritize the deployment of the vendor-supplied security patches to all affected Windows endpoints. Given that kernel-level vulnerabilities are highly prized by threat actors for persistence and privilege escalation, timely patching is essential to maintain the security posture of the environment.

More Microsoft CVEs

Sources