Executive Summary:
A critical open redirect vulnerability, identified as CVE-2020-36912, exists in Plexus anblick Digital Signage Management software. This flaw allows attackers to create malicious links that appear legitimate but redirect users to harmful websites, primarily to conduct phishing attacks for stealing credentials or distributing malware. Due to the high severity (CVSS 9.8) and ease of exploitation, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizational security and user trust.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36912

Affected Software: Plexus anblick Digital Signage Management Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Version 3.1.13 is confirmed vulnerable. See vendor advisory for a complete list of specific affected products and versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an open redirect located in the 'PantallaLogin' script. The script improperly validates the 'pagina' GET parameter, which is intended to direct users to a specific page after login. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a URL where the 'pagina' parameter points to an external, malicious website. When a user clicks this link, they are taken to the legitimate Plexus login page, and upon interacting with it, are automatically redirected to the attacker-controlled site, which can be used for phishing or malware delivery.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Successful exploitation can have a severe business impact by enabling highly effective phishing campaigns against employees and users. Attackers can leverage the trust users have in the legitimate domain to steal login credentials, personal information, or financial data. This can lead to unauthorized access to corporate systems, data breaches, financial loss, and significant reputational damage. The ease of exploitation elevates the risk of targeted attacks against the organization.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately apply the security patches provided by the vendor. Update Plexus anblick Digital Signage Management Multiple Products to the latest version to mitigate this vulnerability. Following the update, closely monitor for any signs of exploitation attempts by reviewing web server and application access logs.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Review historical and current web server logs for requests to the 'PantallaLogin' script containing external URLs in the 'pagina' parameter.
• Monitor for unusual outbound redirect patterns from the application server.
• Implement alerting for users reporting suspicious emails containing links to the Digital Signage Management portal.

Compensating Controls:
If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls:

• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with a rule to inspect the 'pagina' parameter and block any requests that contain external or non-whitelisted domain names.
• Implement strict egress filtering on the web server to prevent it from redirecting users to untrusted external websites.
• Conduct user awareness training to educate employees on identifying and reporting phishing attempts.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Jan 6, 2026, proof-of-concept exploit code, in the form of a crafted URL, is publicly available. While this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its high severity and the simplicity of exploitation make it an attractive target for threat actors. Organizations should assume it may be actively targeted in phishing campaigns.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the public availability of exploit methods, this vulnerability requires immediate attention. We strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the deployment of the vendor-supplied patch across all affected systems without delay. If patching is not immediately possible, the implementation of compensating controls, such as WAF rules, is critical to reduce the risk of credential theft and subsequent system compromise.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability exists in the Custom Searchable Data Entry System plugin for WordPress, which allows an unauthenticated attacker to completely wipe the website's database. Due to the lack of any authentication requirement, this vulnerability can be easily exploited by a remote attacker, leading to catastrophic data loss, extended site downtime, and significant reputational damage.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2020-36852

Affected Software: The Custom Searchable Data Entry System plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: Versions up to and including 1.7.1

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is caused by a missing capability check on a function responsible for database management. This means the plugin fails to verify if the user initiating a sensitive action has the appropriate permissions. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint within the plugin, which will then execute a command to delete all data from the WordPress database without requiring any credentials.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical with a CVSS score of 9.1. Successful exploitation would result in the complete and irreversible loss of all website data, including posts, pages, user accounts, and settings. The business impact includes immediate and prolonged website downtime, significant costs associated with data recovery (if backups exist), loss of customer trust, and severe reputational harm. Because the attack requires no authentication, it can be easily automated, placing any organization with a vulnerable version of the plugin at high risk of a destructive attack.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the "Custom Searchable Data Entry System" plugin to the latest patched version (greater than 1.7.1). After patching, review web server and application access logs for any signs of exploitation attempts that may have occurred prior to the update. If a compromise is suspected, restore the website from a known-good backup.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server access logs for unusual POST or GET requests targeting the plugin's directories and files, particularly from untrusted IP addresses. Implement alerts for any activity related to database deletion or modification commands. Use a file integrity monitoring system to detect unauthorized changes to WordPress core files and plugins.

Compensating Controls: If patching cannot be performed immediately, the following controls can reduce risk:

• Disable and deactivate the vulnerable plugin until it can be safely updated.
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to block malicious requests targeting the plugin's vulnerable functions.
• Ensure that automated, regular, and verified backups of the entire website (database and files) are being created and stored securely off-site.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Oct 1, 2025, this vulnerability has been publicly disclosed for several years, and proof-of-concept exploits are readily available. Threat actors frequently use automated scanners to find and exploit high-impact, unauthenticated vulnerabilities in popular CMS platforms like WordPress. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, its ease of exploitation and destructive potential make it a high-priority target for malicious actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity (CVSS 9.1) and the unauthenticated nature of this vulnerability, immediate remediation is imperative. All instances of the "Custom Searchable Data Entry System" plugin must be identified and updated to a patched version without delay. The lack of an authentication requirement means any publicly accessible website running a vulnerable version is exposed. Organizations should treat this as an active threat and prioritize patching to prevent catastrophic data loss.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability has been identified in affected software products, rated 9.8 on the CVSS scale. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) attack by tricking a user into clicking a specially crafted link. Successful exploitation could lead to the theft of sensitive user data, session hijacking, and unauthorized actions being performed on behalf of the compromised user, posing a severe risk to data confidentiality and system integrity.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2020-26799

Affected Software: A reflected Multiple Products (Note: Description specifically references Luxcal)

Affected Versions: Luxcal version 4.5.2 and potentially prior versions.

Vulnerability: This is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the index.php file. An unauthenticated attacker can craft a malicious URL containing a JavaScript payload and deliver it to a victim, typically through phishing. When the victim clicks the link, their browser executes the malicious script in the context of their authenticated session with the application. This allows the attacker to bypass client-side security mechanisms and perform actions such as stealing session cookies, capturing login credentials, or performing unauthorized actions as the logged-in user.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Exploitation can have severe consequences for the organization, including the compromise of sensitive user and business data, leading to a significant data breach. Attackers could hijack user sessions to gain unauthorized access to the application, potentially resulting in financial loss, intellectual property theft, or further network intrusion. A public breach of this nature could cause substantial reputational damage, erode customer trust, and lead to potential regulatory fines for non-compliance with data protection standards.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately apply the security patches provided by the vendor to update all instances of A reflected Multiple Products to the latest, secure version. In parallel, security teams should actively monitor for any signs of exploitation by reviewing web server access logs and application logs for unusual requests directed at index.php that contain script tags or other suspicious code.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring of web server logs for requests to index.php that include suspicious parameters or common XSS payloads (e.g., <script>, <iframe>, onerror, onload). Utilize an Intrusion Detection/Prevention System (IDS/IPS) with signatures capable of identifying and blocking XSS attack patterns in network traffic. Monitor for abnormal user account behavior, such as session activity from unusual IP addresses, which could indicate a successful account takeover.

Compensating Controls: If patching cannot be performed immediately, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with a robust ruleset to filter and block malicious requests containing XSS payloads. Additionally, enforce a strict Content Security Policy (CSP) on the web server to limit the sources from which scripts can be executed, thereby mitigating the impact of an XSS injection. Educate users on identifying and avoiding phishing attempts and suspicious links.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Jul 21, 2025, proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit code for this vulnerability is publicly available, which significantly lowers the barrier for threat actors to craft an attack. Although this CVE is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, the public availability of an exploit combined with the simplicity of the attack vector increases the likelihood of opportunistic exploitation. Organizations using Luxcal 4.5.2 should treat this as an immediate threat.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity rating (CVSS 9.8) and the public availability of exploit code, this vulnerability poses an immediate and significant risk to the organization. We strongly recommend that all affected systems are patched to the latest version without delay. If immediate patching is not feasible, compensating controls, particularly a Web Application Firewall (WAF), must be deployed as an urgent interim measure while a patching schedule is finalized. Proactive monitoring for exploitation attempts should be initiated immediately.

Executive Summary: A critical Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite is being actively exploited in the wild, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to compromise the server and access internal network resources.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-9621

Affected Software: Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS)

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions.

Vulnerability: The software is vulnerable to a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) flaw. An unauthenticated remote attacker can craft a malicious request that forces the Zimbra server to initiate connections to arbitrary internal or external systems, enabling network reconnaissance and interaction with sensitive internal services.

Business Impact

The successful exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to significant data compromise and a breach of the network perimeter. With a Critical CVSS score of 9.5, an attacker could exfiltrate sensitive data, scan internal networks, or pivot to other systems, posing a severe risk to organizational security and operational integrity. The inclusion in the CISA KEV catalog confirms this is not a theoretical threat but a vulnerability with known, active exploitation.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Apply mitigations immediately as per the vendor's instructions. Federal agencies must comply with Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01 and complete remediation by the CISA deadline of July 27, 2025.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor egress network traffic from the Zimbra server for unusual or unauthorized connections. Review server and application logs for anomalous requests that may indicate attempted or successful exploitation.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules designed to detect and block SSRF attack patterns. Enforce strict egress filtering at the network level to limit the server's ability to connect to unauthorized internal or external endpoints.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes (Actively Exploited)

Analyst Notes: As of July 6, 2025, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has confirmed this vulnerability is being actively exploited by adding it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. This elevates the urgency of remediation far beyond a typical vulnerability disclosure.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the confirmed active exploitation of this critical vulnerability, immediate action is required. The risk of server compromise and internal network exposure is extremely high. All organizations using the affected software must prioritize the application of vendor-supplied mitigations or compensating controls without delay to prevent a security breach.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability exists within Fortinet FortiOS due to the use of hard-coded credentials embedded in the software. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to gain administrative access to affected network security appliances, potentially leading to a complete compromise of the network's security posture, data interception, and unauthorized access to internal systems. Given its active exploitation in the wild and inclusion in the CISA KEV catalog, this vulnerability represents an immediate and severe threat.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-6693

Affected Software: Fortinet FortiOS

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: This vulnerability stems from a hard-coded, or fixed, credential pair (username and password) embedded directly within the FortiOS firmware. An attacker with network access to an affected device's management interface (such as SSH or the web-based GUI) can use this static credential to authenticate with high-level privileges. Exploitation is simple and requires no user interaction or special conditions beyond knowledge of the credential and access to the login portal, allowing a remote attacker to bypass standard authentication mechanisms and gain control over the device.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.5. A successful exploit would grant an attacker administrative control over the Fortinet security appliance, which acts as the gateway and security enforcer for the network. This could lead to catastrophic consequences, including the ability to monitor, modify, or block all network traffic, disable firewall policies, establish a persistent foothold for pivoting into the corporate network, exfiltrate sensitive data, and deploy ransomware. The direct compromise of a core network security device poses a severe risk to business operations, data confidentiality, and organizational reputation.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The immediate and required action is to apply vendor-supplied patches or mitigations before the FEDERAL DEADLINE: July 15, 2025 (5 days). Per CISA's directive, organizations must apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Due to the critical nature and active exploitation, this should be treated as an emergency change.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should immediately begin monitoring for signs of compromise. Review authentication logs on all FortiOS devices for any successful logins from unknown IP addresses or logins occurring outside of normal business hours. Scrutinize system logs for unexplained configuration changes, the creation of new user accounts, or modifications to firewall rules. Monitor network traffic for any unusual outbound connections originating from the FortiOS device itself.

Compensating Controls: If patching cannot be performed immediately, implement compensating controls as a temporary measure. Strictly limit access to the FortiOS management interface (HTTPS, SSH) to a dedicated, secure management network or a small set of trusted IP addresses. If possible, enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) on all administrative accounts, although this may not protect the specific hard-coded account.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: True

Analyst Notes: As of June 24, 2025, this vulnerability is listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. This status confirms that threat actors are actively and successfully exploiting this vulnerability in real-world attacks. Hard-coded credentials are trivial to exploit once the credential becomes public, making it a favored tool for attackers conducting widespread scanning and targeted intrusions.

Analyst Recommendation
Given the critical CVSS score of 9.5, confirmed active exploitation in the wild, and the urgent CISA KEV deadline of July 15, 2025, this vulnerability must be addressed immediately. We recommend that all teams responsible for network infrastructure treat this as a top-priority, emergency directive. All affected Fortinet FortiOS appliances must be identified and patched or otherwise mitigated before the deadline without exception. Following remediation, a thorough audit of device logs and configurations should be conducted to search for any indicators of prior compromise.

Executive Summary: A critical path traversal vulnerability in Ruby on Rails is under active exploitation, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to access arbitrary files, potentially leading to a full system compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-5418

Affected Software: Rails Ruby on Rails

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions.

Vulnerability: This vulnerability exists due to improper input validation when handling file paths. An unauthenticated remote attacker can craft a malicious request with directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../) to read arbitrary files on the underlying server, bypassing intended access restrictions.

Business Impact

With a CVSS score of 9.5 (Critical), a successful exploit could lead to the disclosure of sensitive information, including application source code, configuration files, and credentials. This exposure can be leveraged for further attacks, resulting in a complete system compromise, significant data breaches, and severe reputational damage. The inclusion of this CVE in the CISA KEV catalog confirms its high risk and real-world impact.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Per CISA's Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01, federal agencies must apply vendor-supplied mitigations by the deadline of July 27, 2025. All organizations are strongly advised to follow this guidance and apply patches or mitigations immediately.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor web server and application logs for requests containing directory traversal patterns (e.g., ..%2f or ..\). Investigate any anomalous file access attempts by the web server's user account.

Compensating Controls: Deploy and configure a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rulesets designed to detect and block directory traversal attacks. This can provide a layer of defense and act as a virtual patch if immediate updates are not feasible.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Information not available from the provided data.

Analyst Notes: As of July 6, 2025, this vulnerability has been added to the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, confirming it is under active exploitation in the wild. The presence on the KEV list significantly increases the urgency for immediate remediation.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity and confirmed active exploitation, this vulnerability poses an immediate and severe threat to affected environments. The risk of sensitive data exposure and subsequent system compromise is extremely high. Administrators must prioritize the application of vendor-supplied mitigations immediately to prevent exploitation.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability exists in the WP Cost Estimation & Payment Forms Builder plugin for WordPress, identified as CVE-2019-25296. This flaw allows any unauthenticated attacker on the internet to upload malicious files, leading to a complete server compromise, and delete critical system files, potentially causing a total loss of the website. Due to the ease of exploitation and severe impact, this vulnerability represents an immediate and significant threat to any organization using an affected version of the plugin.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-25296

Affected Software: WP Cost Estimation & Payment Forms Builder plugin for WordPress

Affected Versions: All versions up to, and including, 9.642

Vulnerability: The plugin contains an unauthenticated arbitrary file upload and deletion vulnerability. The issue stems from a lack of proper file type validation within two AJAX functions: lfb_upload_form and lfb_removeFile. An unauthenticated attacker can craft a malicious request to the lfb_upload_form action to upload any type of file, such as a PHP web shell, to the server. Successful exploitation of the upload vulnerability allows the attacker to achieve remote code execution (RCE), granting them full control over the website and underlying server. Furthermore, the attacker can leverage the lfb_removeFile action to delete arbitrary files on the server, including the critical wp-config.php file, which could lead to a denial of service or allow the attacker to reconfigure the site to point to a database under their control.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical with a CVSS score of 9.8, reflecting the highest possible level of risk. A successful exploit could lead to a complete compromise of the web server's confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Potential consequences include theft of sensitive data (customer information, payment details, intellectual property), website defacement, service disruption, and the use of the compromised server for further malicious activities like hosting malware or launching attacks against other systems. The ability to delete core configuration files could result in extended downtime and significant recovery costs, leading to severe reputational damage and financial loss.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately update the WP Cost Estimation & Payment Forms Builder plugin to the latest available version, which contains a patch for this vulnerability. After patching, it is crucial to review server logs for any signs of exploitation that may have occurred while the vulnerable version was active.

Proactive Monitoring:

• Monitor web server and WAF logs for POST requests to /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php containing action=lfb_upload_form or action=lfb_removeFile from untrusted IP addresses.
• Implement File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) to detect unauthorized file uploads in web-accessible directories (e.g., /wp-content/uploads/) or modifications/deletions of core WordPress files like wp-config.php.
• Scan for unexpected files with extensions such as .php, .phtml, or .php5 in directories where they should not exist.

Compensating Controls:

• If immediate patching is not feasible, disable the WP Cost Estimation & Payment Forms Builder plugin until it can be safely updated.
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to block malicious requests targeting the vulnerable AJAX actions.
• Enforce strict file permissions on the web server to prevent the web process from writing files to non-essential directories or deleting critical configuration files.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Jan 8, 2026, multiple public proofs-of-concept (PoCs) and exploit scripts are available for this vulnerability. Due to its unauthenticated nature and high impact, it is actively targeted by automated scanners and opportunistic threat actors. Although it is not listed on the CISA KEV catalog, the widespread availability of exploits makes it a high-priority threat for any organization running a vulnerable version.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity (CVSS 9.8), the unauthenticated attack vector, and the availability of public exploits, this vulnerability poses an extreme risk. We strongly recommend that organizations immediately identify all instances of the WP Cost Estimation & Payment Forms Builder plugin and update them to a patched version without delay. Due to the high likelihood of automated exploitation, systems running a vulnerable version should be considered potentially compromised and should be thoroughly investigated for indicators of a breach, such as backdoors or suspicious user accounts.

Executive Summary:
A critical DLL hijacking vulnerability exists in NREL BEopt version 2.8.0.0. An attacker can exploit this by tricking a user into opening a legitimate application file from a malicious remote network share, which could lead to arbitrary code execution and a complete compromise of the user's system. This vulnerability poses a severe risk to data confidentiality, integrity, and system availability.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-25268

Affected Software: NREL BEopt Multiple Products

Affected Versions: NREL BEopt 2.8.0.0 is confirmed to be affected. See vendor advisory for a complete list of specific affected versions.

Vulnerability: The NREL BEopt application loads certain Dynamic Link Libraries (DLLs), specifically sdl2.dll and libegl.dll, using an insecure method that does not specify a full, trusted path. An attacker can exploit this by creating a malicious WebDAV or SMB network share and placing a legitimate BEopt project file alongside a malicious version of one of these DLLs. When a user opens the project file from this remote location, the application searches for the required DLLs in the same directory first, inadvertently loading and executing the attacker's malicious library. This results in arbitrary code execution on the victim's machine with the same privileges as the logged-in user.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8, indicating a high potential for severe business impact. Successful exploitation could lead to a full system compromise, allowing an attacker to install malware such as ransomware or spyware, steal sensitive data and intellectual property related to building energy modeling, or use the compromised workstation as a foothold to move laterally within the corporate network. The direct risks include data breaches, financial loss from ransomware, and reputational damage.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update NREL BEopt Multiple Products to the latest version provided by the vendor to patch the insecure library loading behavior. After patching, monitor for any signs of post-exploitation activity and review system and network access logs for unusual patterns originating from systems running the BEopt software.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement monitoring rules to detect suspicious behavior associated with this vulnerability. Monitor for the BEopt.exe process loading DLLs (sdl2.dll, libegl.dll) from non-standard locations, such as network shares or user profile directories. Scrutinize network logs for unusual outbound SMB (port 445) or WebDAV connections to external IP addresses initiated by end-user workstations.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls to reduce risk:

• Block outbound SMB and WebDAV traffic at the network perimeter firewall for all workstations that do not explicitly require it for business operations.
• Implement application control policies (e.g., AppLocker) to restrict which DLLs can be loaded by the BEopt application.
• Educate users on the dangers of opening files from untrusted or unfamiliar network locations and email links.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of Jan 8, 2026, there are no known public proof-of-concept exploits or active exploitation campaigns specifically targeting this vulnerability. However, DLL hijacking is a well-understood and common attack technique, meaning a knowledgeable attacker could readily develop an exploit. The requirement for user interaction makes this vulnerability a prime candidate for inclusion in targeted spear-phishing campaigns.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to the organization. Although it is not currently listed on the CISA KEV catalog, the ease of exploitation combined with the high impact necessitates immediate action. We strongly recommend that all affected instances of NREL BEopt are identified and updated to the latest patched version as the highest priority to prevent potential system compromise and data exfiltration.

Executive Summary:
A critical authentication bypass vulnerability exists in multiple devolo dLAN products, identified as CVE-2019-25249. This flaw allows unauthenticated remote attackers to gain complete administrative control (root access) of an affected device by enabling hidden services. Successful exploitation could lead to network compromise, data interception, and the ability to use the device to launch further attacks.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-25249

Affected Software: devolo dLAN Multiple Products

Affected Versions: The vulnerability is confirmed in devolo dLAN 500 AV Wireless+ firmware version 3.1.0-1. See vendor advisory for a complete list of all affected products and versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is an authentication bypass within the htmlmgr CGI script of the device's web management interface. A remote attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request to this script to manipulate system configuration parameters without requiring any credentials. This allows the attacker to enable disabled, high-privilege services such as telnet and a remote shell. Once enabled, these services provide direct, passwordless root access to the device's underlying operating system, resulting in a complete system compromise.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8. Exploitation of this flaw can have a severe impact on the business. An attacker gaining root access can lead to a complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability for the affected device and the network segment it resides on. Potential consequences include attackers monitoring all network traffic passing through the device, redirecting users to malicious sites, installing persistent backdoors, or using the compromised device as a pivot point to attack other critical assets on the internal network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: The primary remediation is to apply the vendor-supplied security patch. Administrators should immediately update all affected devolo dLAN products to the latest available firmware version obtained from the official devolo support website. After patching, it is crucial to monitor for any signs of post-exploitation activity and thoroughly review device and network access logs for suspicious requests targeting the htmlmgr CGI script.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement network monitoring to detect unusual activity from dLAN devices. Specifically, monitor for unexpected outbound connections or the opening of non-standard ports like telnet (port 23). System administrators should configure logging to capture all requests to the device's web interface and regularly audit these logs for malicious patterns or unauthorized configuration changes.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not possible, implement compensating controls to reduce the risk. Restrict access to the device's web management interface using a firewall, allowing connections only from trusted administrative IP addresses. Isolate the dLAN devices in a segmented network zone to prevent a potential compromise from impacting critical business systems.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Dec 24, 2025, multiple public proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits are widely available for this vulnerability, significantly lowering the technical skill required for an attacker to exploit it. While this CVE is not currently on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) list, the availability of public exploits combined with the critical severity makes it a high-priority target for remediation.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity (CVSS 9.8) and the public availability of functional exploit code, immediate action is required. We strongly recommend that organizations prioritize the immediate deployment of firmware updates from devolo to all affected dLAN devices. Although this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, its high impact and ease of exploitation present a significant risk. If patching cannot be performed immediately, implement the recommended compensating controls, such as network segmentation and firewall restrictions, to mitigate the immediate threat.

Executive Summary:
A critical authentication bypass vulnerability exists in multiple Smartwares HOME easy products. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to gain full administrative access simply by disabling JavaScript in their web browser, exposing sensitive system information and control functions. The simplicity of this attack combined with its high impact presents a significant and immediate risk to affected systems.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-25235

Affected Software: Smartwares HOME easy Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Version 1.0.9 is confirmed to be vulnerable. See vendor advisory for a complete list of specific affected products and versions.

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a result of improper implementation of authentication controls, which are performed exclusively on the client-side using JavaScript. An attacker can disable JavaScript execution in their browser, which prevents the authentication logic from running. This allows the attacker to directly navigate to administrative URLs that are intended for authenticated users, as the server-side application fails to perform any session or permission validation before serving the requested pages.

Business Impact

This vulnerability is rated as critical with a CVSS score of 9.8. Successful exploitation could lead to a complete compromise of the affected Smartwares HOME easy system. An attacker could gain unauthorized access to sensitive configuration data, view device statuses, and potentially control connected smart home devices. This could result in privacy violations, physical security risks (e.g., disabling security cameras or alarms), and could serve as a pivot point for further attacks on the internal network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Immediately apply the security patches provided by the vendor. Organizations should update all instances of Smartwares HOME easy Multiple Products to the latest available version to mitigate this vulnerability.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should monitor web server and application logs for direct access attempts to administrative pages from unauthenticated sources. Scrutinize network traffic for requests to sensitive endpoints that are not preceded by a successful login event. An increase in requests from clients with unusual User-Agent strings or those indicating disabled JavaScript could be an indicator of an exploitation attempt.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following controls:

• Place the affected devices behind a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or a reverse proxy with rules to block access to administrative paths unless a valid session cookie is present.
• Restrict network access to the device's web interface to a limited set of trusted IP addresses.
• Segment the network to isolate the Smartwares devices from critical business systems.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of Dec 24, 2025, the exploitation method (disabling JavaScript) is publicly known and trivial to execute. While this vulnerability is not currently listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, its low attack complexity and high impact make it an attractive target for attackers.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity (CVSS 9.8) and the extreme ease of exploitation, this vulnerability requires immediate attention. We strongly recommend that organizations prioritize patching all affected Smartwares HOME easy products without delay. If patching cannot be performed immediately, the compensating controls listed above, particularly network access restriction and segmentation, must be implemented as a matter of urgency to reduce the attack surface and mitigate the immediate risk of compromise.

Executive Summary:
A critical buffer overflow vulnerability exists in multiple NetPCLinker products, identified as CVE-2019-25232. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted, overly long input to the DNS/IP field, leading to arbitrary code execution on the affected system. Successful exploitation would result in a complete compromise of the server, allowing an attacker to take full control.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2019-25232

Affected Software: NetPCLinker Multiple Products

Affected Versions: Version 1.0.0.0 is confirmed vulnerable. See vendor advisory for a complete list of specific affected products and versions.

Vulnerability: This is a classic stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability. The application fails to properly validate the length of user-supplied input in the DNS/IP field within the Clients Control Panel. An attacker can provide a string that is longer than the buffer allocated to store it, causing the excess data to overwrite adjacent memory on the stack, including the Structured Exception Handler (SEH) record. By crafting a malicious payload, the attacker can overwrite the SEH pointer to redirect program execution to their own shellcode, which is also included in the payload, resulting in arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the NetPCLinker application.

Business Impact

The vulnerability is rated as critical severity with a CVSS score of 9.8, reflecting the highest possible impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. A successful exploit grants an attacker the ability to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying server. This could lead to a complete system compromise, enabling the attacker to steal sensitive data, install persistent malware or ransomware, pivot to other systems within the network, or disrupt critical business operations by causing a denial of service. The potential business consequences include significant data breaches, financial loss, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update NetPCLinker Multiple Products to the latest version immediately. Check the official vendor security advisory for specific patch details and version information. After patching, monitor for any signs of exploitation attempts and review historical access logs for anomalous entries in the DNS/IP field.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement enhanced monitoring on affected systems. Security teams should look for application logs showing exceptionally long or malformed strings submitted to the DNS/IP field. Monitor for unexpected outbound network connections or process execution (e.g., cmd.exe, powershell.exe) originating from the NetPCLinker service, which could indicate a successful compromise.

Compensating Controls: If immediate patching is not feasible, implement the following compensating controls:

• Place a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) in front of the application with rules to block requests containing overly long strings in the DNS/IP parameter.
• Restrict network access to the Clients Control Panel, allowing connections only from trusted IP addresses.
• Run the NetPCLinker application with the lowest possible user privileges to limit the impact of potential code execution.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: true

Analyst Notes: As of the published date, Jan 30, 2026, this vulnerability is not listed on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, indicating no widespread, active exploitation has been observed by CISA. However, the technical details are public, and proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits are available, making it a straightforward target for attackers.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the critical CVSS score of 9.8 and the potential for complete system compromise, this vulnerability poses an extreme risk to the organization. The immediate priority must be to apply the vendor-supplied patches across all affected systems. Although not currently on the CISA KEV list, the availability of public exploits means that organizations running vulnerable versions are highly exposed. If patching is delayed for any reason, the compensating controls listed above must be implemented without delay to reduce the attack surface.