Description Summary:
A race condition in the HTS driver of specific Samsung Exynos mobile processors allows for an out-of-bounds write, potentially resulting in a denial of service.

Executive Summary:
A race condition vulnerability in Samsung Exynos 2400, 1580, and 2500 processors poses a significant risk of service disruption.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52513

Affected Software: Samsung Exynos Mobile Processor

Affected Versions: Exynos 2400, 1580, 2500

Vulnerability: This is a race condition vulnerability within the HTS driver that leads to an out-of-bounds write. Based on the CVSS vector, this flaw can be triggered by an unauthenticated attacker without requiring user interaction.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in a denial of service, which can cause significant system instability or complete device failure. With a CVSS score of 7.5, this issue is classified as High severity, as it impacts the availability of critical mobile infrastructure. Organizations relying on these devices for business operations may face operational downtime and increased maintenance overhead.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Consult the official Samsung Semiconductor security portal to identify and apply the latest firmware updates for the affected Exynos processor models.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor device performance and system logs for unexpected reboots or service crashes that might indicate exploitation attempts.

Compensating Controls: Ensure that affected devices are managed via mobile device management solutions to restrict exposure to untrusted networks where possible.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No (exploit_available: false)

Analyst Notes: As of November 4, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw's reliance on a race condition makes it technically complex to weaponize, but its potential for causing a denial of service remains a notable concern for system stability.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the High severity of this vulnerability and the potential for service disruption, administrators should prioritize the deployment of vendor-supplied firmware updates. Users and IT departments should verify their hardware specifications against the Samsung security advisory and apply patches as soon as they are made available by the device manufacturer.

Description Summary:
Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 contains a race condition in AESNI detection that may allow an attacker to extract AES keys or perform GCM forgery in multithreaded environments.

Executive Summary:
A race condition in Mbed TLS versions prior to 3.6.4 poses a significant risk of cryptographic key extraction and unauthorized data manipulation.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52496

Affected Software: Mbed TLS

Affected Versions: 0 up to (excluding) 3.6.4

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves a race condition during AESNI detection caused by specific compiler optimizations, which can be triggered by an unauthenticated local attacker in a multithreaded environment.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this flaw could allow an attacker to compromise sensitive cryptographic keys, leading to the decryption of protected communications or the injection of fraudulent data via GCM forgery. Given the CVSS score of 7.8, this vulnerability represents a high-severity risk to data confidentiality and integrity, particularly for applications relying on Mbed TLS for secure transport.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the Mbed TLS library to version 3.6.4 or later to apply the fix for the identified race condition.

Proactive Monitoring: Review application performance logs for unexpected behavior in multithreaded processes that utilize AES encryption.

Compensating Controls: Ensure that systems are running with updated compiler toolchains and, where possible, restrict local access to the affected service environments to minimize the attack surface.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No (exploit_available: false)

Analyst Notes: As of July 7, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The flaw is inherently subtle, as it relies on specific compiler behaviors and multithreaded execution paths.

Analyst Recommendation

The risk posed by this cryptographic vulnerability is significant, as it directly impacts the fundamental security properties of the library. Administrators are urged to prioritize the update to Mbed TLS 3.6.4 across all affected software deployments immediately to prevent potential key compromise and data forgery.

Description Summary:
AdaCore Ada Web Server (AWS) before 25.2 is vulnerable to a denial-of-service condition due to improper handling of SSL handshakes, allowing remote attackers to exhaust server worker threads.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability in AdaCore Ada Web Server (AWS) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause a denial-of-service by exhausting worker threads through malformed TLS handshakes.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52494

Affected Software: AdaCore Ada Web Server (AWS)

Affected Versions: Before 25.2

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists in the connection initialization phase where the server fails to enforce a timeout for SSL handshakes. An unauthenticated attacker can send malformed TLS ClientHello messages to block worker threads indefinitely, leading to service exhaustion.

Business Impact

The exploitation of this vulnerability results in a complete denial-of-service for the affected web server, rendering it unable to process legitimate user requests. With a CVSS score of 7.5, the impact on availability is high, potentially leading to significant business disruption, loss of service uptime, and operational downtime for critical infrastructure relying on the Ada Web Server.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Upgrade to AdaCore Ada Web Server version 25.2 or later to apply the necessary timeouts for SSL handshake processing.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor server resource utilization and worker thread availability, specifically looking for sustained high thread counts associated with unfinished SSL handshakes.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or load balancer in front of the AWS instance to filter malformed TLS packets and enforce strict connection timeouts at the network edge.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No (exploit_available: false)

Analyst Notes: As of September 4, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw is inherently exploitable by any remote user without authentication, making it a highly attractive target for automated denial-of-service attacks.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the ease of exploitation and the potential for total service disruption, administrators should prioritize this update within their standard maintenance cycle. Promptly updating to version 25.2 is the only definitive way to resolve the underlying thread exhaustion flaw and restore server stability.

Description Summary:
Couchbase Sync Gateway versions prior to 3.2.6 inadvertently expose cleartext passwords within sgcollect_info_options.log and sync_gateway.log files.

Executive Summary:
A credential exposure vulnerability in Couchbase Sync Gateway allows for the potential unauthorized retrieval of cleartext passwords from system logs, posing a significant risk to data confidentiality.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52490

Affected Software: Couchbase Sync Gateway

Affected Versions: Before 3.2.6

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves the improper storage of sensitive information, specifically cleartext passwords, which are recorded in diagnostic log files. The issue is accessible to any user or process with read access to the affected log files, requiring no authentication to the application itself to exploit the information disclosure if the logs are exposed.

Business Impact

The exposure of cleartext credentials in logs can lead to unauthorized access to the Couchbase environment and potentially connected backend systems. Given the CVSS score of 7.3, this represents a high severity risk that could lead to full compromise of sensitive data stores. Organizations should prioritize securing these logs to prevent lateral movement and credential theft.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Upgrade Couchbase Sync Gateway to version 3.2.6 or later, which addresses the logging issue.

Proactive Monitoring: Audit existing log archives for the presence of sensitive credentials and restrict access to log directories to authorized personnel only.

Compensating Controls: Implement strict file system permissions on the server hosting the Sync Gateway to prevent unauthorized users from reading diagnostic log files.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No

Analyst Notes: As of July 30, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw is an inherent configuration and logging error that simplifies the task of an attacker who has already gained local or administrative access to the server environment.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability presents a high risk due to the potential for credential harvesting from log files. Administrators should treat the update to version 3.2.6 as a priority to ensure that sensitive passwords are no longer written to diagnostic logs. Furthermore, any legacy logs should be scrubbed or securely deleted to eliminate residual risk from past exposures.

Description Summary:
A stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in the Chamilo LMS glossary function allows authenticated teachers to execute malicious JavaScript in the context of an administrator session.

Executive Summary:
A stored cross-site scripting flaw in Chamilo LMS allows authenticated teacher accounts to compromise administrator sessions and execute unauthorized actions.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52482

Affected Software: Chamilo LMS

Affected Versions: < 1.11.30

Vulnerability: The application is susceptible to a stored cross-site scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability within the glossary function. This flaw allows an authenticated user with the Teacher role to inject malicious JavaScript, which executes when viewed by an administrator, potentially leading to unauthorized session manipulation.

Business Impact

The exploitation of this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the integrity and confidentiality of the learning management system. By targeting administrative accounts, an attacker could potentially gain elevated control over the platform, modify system settings, or access sensitive course and user data. The CVSS score of 8.3 reflects the high impact on confidentiality and integrity, necessitating prompt remediation to prevent administrative account compromise.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Upgrade Chamilo LMS to version 1.11.30 or later to apply the necessary input sanitization patches.

Proactive Monitoring: Audit administrative access logs and monitor the glossary function for suspicious script injections or unusual character sequences.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Content Security Policy (CSP) to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts and utilize a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to detect and block common XSS payloads targeting the glossary endpoint.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown

Analyst Notes: As of March 4, 2026, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The flaw is inherently dangerous because it targets the trust relationship between teacher accounts and administrative oversight.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for administrative account compromise, organizations should prioritize upgrading their Chamilo LMS instances to version 1.11.30 immediately. Administrators should also conduct a review of existing glossary entries to ensure no malicious payloads have been previously injected. Applying the patch is the only definitive method to eliminate this cross-site scripting risk.

Description Summary:
A stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the n8n Form Trigger node allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript, potentially leading to full account takeover.

Executive Summary:
A high-severity stored Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability in n8n allows authenticated attackers to execute malicious scripts and hijack user sessions, leading to potential account takeover.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52478

Affected Software: n8n

Affected Versions: >= 1.77.0, < 1.98.2

Vulnerability: This is a stored Cross-Site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability located in the Form Trigger node. An authenticated attacker can inject malicious HTML or JavaScript via iframe or video tags, which executes when an authenticated user visits the crafted form.

Business Impact

The ability for an attacker to perform account takeover by exfiltrating session cookies and browser identifiers poses a severe risk to organizational data integrity and confidentiality. With a CVSS score of 8.7, this vulnerability is classified as High severity. Successful exploitation allows an attacker to impersonate legitimate users, modify account settings, and potentially gain full administrative control over the n8n workflow environment, particularly if multi-factor authentication is absent.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Upgrade your n8n installation to version 1.98.2 or higher immediately to apply the vendor-supplied security patch.

Proactive Monitoring: Review application access logs for suspicious activity involving the Form Trigger node and monitor for anomalous session behavior or unexpected profile changes.

Compensating Controls: Implement a strict Content Security Policy (CSP) to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts and utilize a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter malicious iframe or video tag payloads.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown.

Analyst Notes: As of August 20, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a published proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. While the vulnerability requires an authenticated attacker, the potential impact of session hijacking and account takeover makes it a significant risk that should be addressed promptly.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score and the direct path to account takeover, organizations should prioritize patching this vulnerability. Administrators must verify their current n8n version and apply the update to 1.98.2 without delay. Failure to remediate could allow attackers to bypass security controls and compromise sensitive workflow data.

Description Summary:
A logic vulnerability in Chamilo LMS allows authenticated users to bypass friend request workflows via an AJAX endpoint, enabling unauthorized social connections and potential privacy breaches.

Executive Summary:
A logic flaw in the Chamilo LMS social network module allows authenticated users to forcibly add other users as friends, bypassing standard access control workflows.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52469

Affected Software: Chamilo Chamilo LMS

Affected Versions: < 1.11.30

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves an improper enforcement of behavioral workflow (CWE-841) within the social network module. An authenticated attacker can manipulate the friend request process by directly calling the AJAX endpoint, effectively bypassing the requirement for mutual acceptance.

Business Impact

The exploitation of this vulnerability leads to broken access control and unauthorized social manipulation within the learning management system. Given the CVSS score of 7.1, this is considered a high-severity issue because it facilitates unauthorized data exposure and potential privacy violations for all users within the platform.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update Chamilo LMS to version 1.11.30 or later to apply the necessary logic checks in the friend request workflow.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server and application logs for suspicious or high-frequency calls to AJAX endpoints related to user social interactions or friend requests.

Compensating Controls: Implement WAF rules to restrict access to the social network AJAX endpoints if immediate patching is not possible, though this may impact legitimate social functionality.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No

Analyst Notes: As of March 3, 2026, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is inherently easy to exploit due to the lack of server-side validation on the affected AJAX endpoint.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability poses a significant risk to user privacy and system integrity by allowing unauthorized modifications to social relationships. Administrators must prioritize upgrading to version 1.11.30 immediately to remediate the broken workflow logic and prevent potential misuse by malicious actors.

Description Summary:
Chamilo LMS versions prior to 1.11.30 contain a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability during CSV user data imports, allowing attackers to execute malicious scripts in user contexts.

Executive Summary:
A stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in Chamilo LMS allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code within an authenticated user session.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52468

Affected Software: Chamilo Chamilo LMS

Affected Versions: < 1.11.30

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves improper neutralization of input during web page generation (CWE-79) within the CSV user data import function. Specifically, insufficient sanitization of the Last Name, First Name, and Username fields allows an attacker to inject stored XSS payloads that execute when an administrator or user views the affected profile.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute malicious scripts in the context of an authenticated user session. Given the CVSS score of 8.8, this flaw poses a significant risk to data integrity and confidentiality, as an attacker could potentially hijack user sessions, modify data, or perform unauthorized actions within the learning management system.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Upgrade Chamilo LMS to version 1.11.30 or later, which includes the necessary input sanitization patches.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server access logs for anomalous requests to profile pages and monitor for unusual activity originating from user accounts that frequently interact with CSV imports.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) configured to detect and block common XSS injection patterns in HTTP requests, particularly those involving file uploads or data import endpoints.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown.

Analyst Notes: As of March 4, 2026, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is inherently exploitable because it relies on the common administrative practice of importing bulk user data via CSV files.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS severity and the confirmed existence of proof-of-concept material, organizations running Chamilo LMS must prioritize the update to version 1.11.30. Failure to patch leaves the platform vulnerable to session hijacking and unauthorized data manipulation, which could severely compromise the integrity of the learning environment.

Description Summary:
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Nex parsing functionality of libbiosig allows an attacker to trigger an information leak via a crafted file.

Executive Summary:
The libbiosig library contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in its Nex parsing component that could lead to unauthorized information disclosure or service disruption.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52461

Affected Software: The Biosig Project libbiosig

Affected Versions: 3.9.0, Master Branch (35a819fa)

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) triggered when the library processes a specially crafted .nex file. The vulnerability is exploitable by an unauthenticated attacker who provides a malicious file to the parsing functionality.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation allows an attacker to leak sensitive information from the application memory or potentially cause the application to crash, resulting in a denial of service. With a CVSS score of 8.2, this vulnerability represents a high risk to data confidentiality and service availability, particularly for systems that automatically process external biomedical signal files.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Monitor The Biosig Project communication channels for the release of a patched version of libbiosig and apply the update as soon as it becomes available.

Proactive Monitoring: Inspect application logs for unusual crashes or errors associated with the parsing of .nex files, as these may indicate attempted exploitation.

Compensating Controls: Restrict the ingestion of .nex files to trusted sources only and ensure that applications utilizing libbiosig operate with the minimum necessary system privileges to limit the impact of potential memory leaks.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No.

Analyst Notes: As of August 26, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw is inherently exploitable due to the lack of bounds checking during the parsing of input files, which allows for unauthorized memory access.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS severity score, organizations using libbiosig should treat this vulnerability with urgency. Administrators must restrict the processing of untrusted files until a vendor-supplied patch is integrated into their production environment.

Description Summary:
A memory corruption vulnerability in the SAIL Image Decoding Library v0.9.8 allows for remote code execution via a crafted WebP animation file.

Executive Summary:
A heap-based buffer overflow in the SAIL Image Decoding Library poses a critical risk of remote code execution when processing malicious WebP files.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52456

Affected Software: SAIL Image Decoding Library

Affected Versions: v0.9.8

Vulnerability: The vulnerability stems from an integer overflow during stride calculation within the WebP decoding functionality, which subsequently triggers a heap-based buffer overflow. This flaw is remotely exploitable when an unauthenticated attacker convinces a user to load a specially crafted WebP image.

Business Impact

The ability to achieve remote code execution allows an attacker to gain unauthorized control over the affected system, potentially leading to full data compromise or further network propagation. With a CVSS score of 8.8, this vulnerability is classified as High severity, reflecting the significant risk of total system impact through standard application interaction.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Monitor the official SAIL repository for the release of a security patch and apply it immediately upon availability.

Proactive Monitoring: Review application and system logs for unexpected crashes or errors occurring during image processing tasks, which may indicate attempted exploitation.

Compensating Controls: Restrict the processing of untrusted or externally sourced WebP files until a patch is applied, or implement strict input validation at the application boundary to filter malicious image payloads.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown.

Analyst Notes: As of August 26, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The complexity of the trigger requires user interaction, but the resulting memory corruption provides a direct path to code execution.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for remote code execution, this vulnerability represents a significant security risk to any system utilizing the SAIL Image Decoding Library. Administrators must prioritize the identification of all instances of this library within their environment and prepare for an immediate update once the vendor releases a fix. Until then, limit exposure by restricting the handling of untrusted WebP content.

Description Summary:
An absolute path traversal vulnerability in the Salesforce Tableau Server tabdoc API allows unauthorized access to files on the host system.

Executive Summary:
Salesforce Tableau Server is affected by a critical path traversal vulnerability that could allow an attacker to read arbitrary files from the server, posing a significant risk to data confidentiality.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52451

Affected Software: Salesforce Tableau Server

Affected Versions: All versions prior to 2025.1.3, 2024.2.12, and 2023.3.19

Vulnerability: This vulnerability exists in the tabdoc API, specifically within the create-data-source-from-file-upload modules, due to improper input validation. The vulnerability is exploitable by an unauthenticated attacker, though it requires user interaction and is constrained to the network adjacent level.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this flaw allows an attacker to bypass file system restrictions and read sensitive files stored on the underlying host. Given the CVSS score of 8.5, this high-severity issue could lead to the exposure of configuration data, credentials, or sensitive business intelligence, resulting in severe data breaches and potential regulatory non-compliance.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Upgrade Tableau Server to version 2025.1.3, 2024.2.12, 2023.3.19, or later, as specified in the official Salesforce security advisory.

Proactive Monitoring: Inspect server access logs for unusual patterns or requests targeting the tabdoc API, specifically looking for file path traversal sequences like double dots or absolute path references.

Compensating Controls: Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules designed to detect and block malicious input containing directory traversal sequences in file upload requests.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No

Analyst Notes: As of August 22, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw's requirement for user interaction slightly reduces the immediate risk compared to fully automated remote code execution vectors.

Analyst Recommendation

The risk posed by this path traversal vulnerability is significant, as it grants unauthorized access to the host file system. Security teams should prioritize the application of the vendor-provided patches immediately to eliminate the underlying flaw. Until patching is completed, ensure that network access to the Tableau Server is restricted to trusted internal segments to minimize the attack surface.

Description Summary:
A cross-site scripting vulnerability in FortiSandbox allows unauthenticated attackers to execute unauthorized commands via crafted requests.

Executive Summary:
An unauthenticated remote command execution vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSandbox poses a severe risk to organizational infrastructure.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52436

Affected Software: Fortinet FortiSandbox

Affected Versions: FortiSandbox 5.0.0 through 5.0.1, 4.4.0 through 4.4.7, 4.2.1 through 4.2.8, 4.0.0 through 4.0.6

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is an improper neutralization of input during web page generation (CWE-79) that, despite the typical classification of XSS, allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute commands through specifically crafted requests. The vulnerability is accessible via the network vector without requiring prior authentication or user interaction.

Business Impact

The ability for an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on a security appliance like FortiSandbox represents a critical compromise of network security. Successful exploitation could lead to full system takeover, unauthorized access to sensitive sandbox data, or the use of the appliance as a pivot point for lateral movement within the corporate network. With a CVSS score of 8.8, this flaw constitutes a high-priority risk that requires immediate remediation to prevent potential data breaches or operational disruption.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Upgrade FortiSandbox to version 5.0.2 or 4.4.8 or above immediately to resolve the vulnerable code path.

Proactive Monitoring: Review system and access logs for suspicious inbound traffic or unexpected shell command execution patterns originating from the web interface.

Compensating Controls: Ensure the management interface of the FortiSandbox is not exposed to the public internet and restrict access to authorized management IP addresses only.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown.

Analyst Notes: As of February 12, 2026, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. While the classification as CWE-79 often implies client-side impact, the vendor documentation confirms this specific implementation flaw permits command execution, making it significantly more dangerous than standard reflected XSS.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for unauthenticated remote command execution, organizations must prioritize patching this vulnerability. Administrators should verify their current firmware versions against the affected list and schedule maintenance windows for the recommended upgrades immediately. Until patches are applied, verify that the management interface is isolated from untrusted networks to minimize the attack surface.

Description Summary:
SMG Software Information Portal is vulnerable to unrestricted file uploads and OS command injection, enabling remote code execution and web shell deployment.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability in SMG Software Information Portal allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code and compromise the host server.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-5243

Affected Software: SMG Software Information Portal

Affected Versions: 0 up to (excluding) 13.06.2025

Vulnerability: This flaw combines unrestricted file upload (CWE-434) and OS command injection (CWE-78) vulnerabilities. An unauthenticated attacker can leverage these weaknesses to upload malicious web shells and execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system.

Business Impact

The potential for total system compromise, including the loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability, warrants the maximum CVSS score of 10.0. A successful exploit allows attackers to gain full control over the web server, leading to potential data exfiltration, lateral movement within the network, and complete service disruption.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the SMG Software Information Portal to version 13.06.2025 or later immediately to resolve the vulnerability.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server access logs for anomalous requests, specifically targeting file upload endpoints or suspicious patterns indicative of command injection attempts.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter malicious file uploads and block payloads containing shell metacharacters until the software update can be applied.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown

Analyst Notes: As of July 24, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw is highly dangerous due to the lack of required authentication and the potential for remote code execution.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical nature of this vulnerability and the ease of exploitation (unauthenticated, network-adjacent), organizations must prioritize patching this software immediately. Failure to update to the latest version leaves the host environment fully exposed to complete system takeover.

Description Summary:
The Roadcube API v.1 contains a vulnerability in its password reset endpoint that fails to properly validate requester identity, allowing remote, unauthenticated arbitrary code execution.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability in the Roadcube API allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code, posing a total risk to system integrity and confidentiality.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52395

Affected Software: Roadcube API

Affected Versions: v.1

Vulnerability: This is an authentication and validation flaw within the password reset API. Because the endpoint does not verify the identity of the requester, an unauthenticated attacker can manipulate the process to achieve remote code execution (RCE).

Business Impact

With a CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability represents a critical threat. Successful exploitation grants an attacker full control over the affected application, potentially leading to total system compromise, unauthorized data access, and significant operational downtime.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Contact the vendor immediately to obtain the necessary patch or security update for the Roadcube API. If no patch is currently available, restrict network access to the password reset endpoint.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor server logs for unusual traffic patterns targeting password reset endpoints, particularly requests originating from unexpected IP addresses.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically configured to inspect and block anomalous requests to the password reset API path.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown

Analyst Notes: As of Aug 21, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The lack of authentication requirements makes this flaw highly susceptible to automated scanning and exploitation.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity of this RCE vulnerability and the lack of authentication required for exploitation, organizations must prioritize identifying whether their environment utilizes the affected Roadcube API version. Immediate remediation or the implementation of strict network-level access controls is required to prevent unauthorized system access.

Description Summary:
Saurus CMS Community Edition is vulnerable to SQL injection in the prepareSearchQuery method due to improper sanitization of user-supplied input, potentially allowing unauthorized data access.

Executive Summary:
A critical SQL injection vulnerability in Saurus CMS Community Edition allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries, leading to potential data compromise or privilege escalation.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52390

Affected Software: Saurus CMS Community Edition

Affected Versions: All versions since commit d886e5b0 (2010-04-23)

Vulnerability: The application is susceptible to SQL injection within the prepareSearchQuery method of the FulltextSearch.class.php file. This flaw occurs because user-supplied input is directly concatenated into SQL queries without adequate sanitization, and the attack vector is accessible to unauthenticated remote users.

Business Impact

This vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of the application database. With a CVSS score of 9.1, it is classified as critical, as successful exploitation could allow an attacker to bypass authentication, extract sensitive user information, or modify database contents. Such a breach could lead to severe reputational damage, regulatory non-compliance, and operational disruption.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Since a specific patch version is not currently provided by the vendor, administrators should restrict access to the affected search functionality or implement strict input validation filters for the search parameter.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should monitor database logs for suspicious SQL syntax, such as UNION statements or boolean-based injection patterns, originating from the search endpoint.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) configured to detect and block SQL injection signatures targeting the identified vulnerable PHP class and method.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists, as documented in the technical research write-up provided in the references.

Analyst Notes: As of Aug 1, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is highly accessible due to the lack of required authentication.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical CVSS severity and the availability of a public proof-of-concept, this vulnerability must be treated with high priority. Organizations using Saurus CMS Community Edition should immediately implement WAF rules to block malicious search queries while awaiting an official upstream security patch.

Description Summary:
An IDOR vulnerability in Soda Cristal v40.20.4 allows authenticated attackers to access sensitive data belonging to other users through crafted HTTP requests.

Executive Summary:
A critical Insecure Direct Object Reference vulnerability in Envasadora H2O Eireli Soda Cristal allows authenticated users to access unauthorized sensitive information.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52389

Affected Software: Envasadora H2O Eireli Soda Cristal

Affected Versions: v40.20.4

Vulnerability: This is an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) flaw located within the application's data retrieval logic, which fails to perform adequate authorization checks on object identifiers. An authenticated attacker can manipulate these identifiers in an HTTP request to gain unauthorized access to data belonging to other users.

Business Impact

The exploitation of this vulnerability poses a significant risk to data confidentiality and integrity. With a CVSS score of 8.8, this high-severity flaw could lead to the unauthorized exposure of sensitive user records or account information, potentially resulting in regulatory non-compliance, loss of customer trust, and reputational damage.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Contact the vendor immediately to obtain a security patch for version 40.20.4, as no official fix is currently listed in the available data.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server and application access logs for unusual patterns of sequential ID access or requests targeting user-specific resource endpoints.

Compensating Controls: Implement strict server-side authorization checks for all object requests and consider deploying a Web Application Firewall to filter requests containing suspicious parameter manipulation.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a public proof-of-concept exists as documented in multiple GitHub repositories.

Analyst Notes: As of September 9, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The presence of public proof-of-concept code on GitHub significantly lowers the bar for potential attackers to weaponize this flaw.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity of this vulnerability and the availability of public proof-of-concept code, organizations using Soda Cristal v40.20.4 must prioritize mitigation. Administrators should verify their current version, restrict access to the application where possible, and engage the vendor for an urgent security update to prevent potential data breaches.

Description Summary:
A vulnerability in Studio 3T allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by sending a crafted payload to the child_process module.

Executive Summary:
A critical remote code execution vulnerability in Studio 3T poses an extreme risk to infrastructure security due to the potential for total system compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52385

Affected Software: Studio 3T

Affected Versions: 2025.1.0 and before

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command, specifically within the child_process module. The CVSS vector confirms that an unauthenticated remote attacker can achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact without requiring user interaction.

Business Impact

The ability for an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on a host machine represents a catastrophic security failure. Successful exploitation would allow an attacker to gain full control over the affected system, resulting in complete data theft, unauthorized modification of records, and potential lateral movement within the corporate network. Given the CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability must be treated as a top priority for remediation.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Organizations should restrict network access to instances of Studio 3T and monitor vendor communications for the release of a patched version.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should monitor system logs for suspicious child process executions, particularly those originating from the Studio 3T application process, and investigate any unexpected outbound network connections.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall or an Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) solution to identify and block malicious payloads targeting Node.js child process spawning functions.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a public proof-of-concept exists on GitHub, as identified in the enrichment references.

Analyst Notes: As of August 14, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The presence of a public proof-of-concept repository significantly lowers the barrier for exploitation by malicious actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical severity of this remote code execution flaw and the availability of a public proof-of-concept, immediate defensive action is required. Administrators should treat this as a high-urgency event and apply available vendor patches as soon as they are published to prevent potential system compromise.

Description Summary:
A critical authentication bypass in the Nexxt Solutions NCM-X1800 router allows unauthenticated remote attackers to enable Telnet and execute arbitrary commands.

Executive Summary:
A critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Nexxt Solutions NCM-X1800 mesh routers permits unauthenticated attackers to gain administrative shell access and execute arbitrary commands.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52376

Affected Software: Nexxt Solutions NCM-X1800 Mesh Router

Affected Versions: UV1.2.7 and below

Vulnerability: This is an authentication bypass vulnerability located in the /web/um_open_telnet.cgi endpoint. It allows an unauthenticated attacker to remotely enable the Telnet service and subsequently access the device using hard-coded credentials to execute arbitrary commands.

Business Impact

The vulnerability carries a CVSS score of 9.8, indicating a critical severity level. Successful exploitation allows for full administrative control over the network hardware, which could lead to complete system compromise, the interception of network traffic, or the use of the router as a pivot point for further attacks on the internal network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Since a specific patch version is not currently provided, users should immediately disable remote management features and restrict access to the web interface to trusted internal IP addresses only.

Proactive Monitoring: Review device system logs for unauthorized Telnet connections and monitor for unusual outbound traffic patterns originating from the router.

Compensating Controls: Implement strict firewall rules to block access to the management interface from the WAN side and disable the Telnet service manually if the firmware interface allows.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published PoC exists, attributed to the technical write-up provided in the referenced GitHub repository.

Analyst Notes: As of July 15, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The presence of hard-coded credentials combined with an exposed management endpoint makes this device highly susceptible to automated exploitation.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical nature of this vulnerability and the existence of a public proof-of-concept, immediate action is required to secure affected units. Administrators must restrict management access to the device and monitor for any signs of unauthorized configuration changes or Telnet activity until an official firmware update is available from the vendor.

Description Summary:
A command injection vulnerability in the szc script of the ccurtsinger/stabilizer repository allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary system commands via unsanitized user input.

Executive Summary:
A critical command injection vulnerability in the ccurtsinger/stabilizer repository allows for arbitrary system command execution, posing a significant risk to system integrity.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52365

Affected Software: ccurtsinger stabilizer

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists in the szc script due to improper input handling, where user supplied input is passed directly to the os.system() function without validation. This allows a local authenticated attacker to inject and execute arbitrary system commands.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the user running the script. This could lead to a full system compromise, unauthorized data access, or the deployment of malicious software. Given the CVSS score of 7.8, this flaw represents a high risk to organizational security and operational continuity.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Review the repository for updates provided by the maintainer and apply them immediately. If no patch is available, avoid executing the szc script with elevated privileges.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor system logs for unusual command execution patterns or suspicious child processes spawned by the stabilizer utility.

Compensating Controls: Implement strict input validation or sanitization routines at the application level to ensure no shell metacharacters are processed by the script.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists as documented in the research write-up referenced by the CVE record.

Analyst Notes: As of March 5, 2026, there is no public information indicating active exploitation in the wild. The vulnerability is highly exploitable due to the direct concatenation of input into a system shell call.

Analyst Recommendation

The presence of a public proof-of-concept necessitates immediate attention to this vulnerability. Administrators should prioritize identifying instances of the stabilizer repository within their environment and restrict access to the vulnerable szc script until a formal patch is applied.

Description Summary:
A vulnerability in Tenda CP3 Pro firmware version V22.5.4.93 enables the telnet service by default, potentially allowing unauthorized remote access to the device shell.

Executive Summary:
The Tenda CP3 Pro firmware contains a critical security flaw that enables the telnet service by default, creating a high risk of unauthorized remote system access.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52364

Affected Software: Tenda CP3 Pro

Affected Versions: V22.5.4.93

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves insecure default configurations where the telnet service is initialized at boot via the /etc/init.d/eth.sh script. This flaw allows unauthenticated remote attackers to attempt connections to the device shell over the network.

Business Impact

The exposure of a telnet interface on network-connected hardware presents a severe risk of unauthorized administrative access. Given the CVSS score of 7.5, this vulnerability is classified as High, as it could lead to full device compromise, potential participation in botnets, or lateral movement within the internal network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Since no specific patch is currently identified, administrators should immediately disable the telnet service on all affected Tenda CP3 Pro devices if the interface allows, or isolate the devices from external network access.

Proactive Monitoring: Review device access logs for unauthorized login attempts and monitor network traffic for unexpected inbound connections on port 23.

Compensating Controls: Implement strict firewall rules to block all inbound traffic to the device on the telnet port and ensure the device is not exposed to the public internet.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown.

Analyst Notes: As of July 11, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a published proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw is inherently dangerous due to the exposure of a management interface that typically lacks modern security controls.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the high severity of this vulnerability, immediate containment is required to prevent unauthorized access. Organizations should prioritize restricting network access to affected devices and monitor vendor channels for the release of a firmware update that permanently disables the vulnerable service.

Description Summary:
Badaso CMS 2.9.11 contains an arbitrary code execution vulnerability in the Media Manager that allows attackers to upload and execute malicious PHP files via the file-upload endpoint.

Executive Summary:
A critical arbitrary code execution vulnerability in Badaso CMS 2.9.11 allows unauthenticated attackers to achieve full system compromise through malicious file uploads.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52353

Affected Software: Badaso Badaso CMS

Affected Versions: 2.9.11

Vulnerability: The application fails to properly validate file types within the Media Manager, allowing the upload of PHP files. An attacker can trigger arbitrary code execution by accessing the uploaded file, which the server processes as executable code.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in full remote code execution on the host server. This grants an attacker complete control over the application, enabling data theft, lateral movement within the network, and total system compromise. Given the CVSS score of 9.8, this flaw represents a critical risk to business continuity and data integrity.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: As no official patch is currently listed, administrators should immediately disable the Media Manager component or restrict access to the file-upload endpoint via network controls until a vendor-supplied update is available.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server access logs for suspicious requests targeting the file-upload directory and monitor for unusual spikes in PHP process execution.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to block file uploads with PHP extensions and restrict direct execution of files within the upload directory.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists, attributed to the security researcher write-up linked in the references.

Analyst Notes: As of Aug 27, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is highly exploitable due to the lack of sufficient server-side content-type validation.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the critical severity and the existence of public proof-of-concept material, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to any environment running Badaso CMS 2.9.11. Organizations must prioritize restricting access to the affected upload functionality and strictly monitor for unauthorized file activity until a formal security patch is released by the vendor.

Description Summary:
The Aikaan IoT management platform fails to properly restrict user sign-up functionality, as the API remains accessible even when the sign-up option is hidden in the user interface.

Executive Summary:
A critical authentication bypass vulnerability in the Aikaan IoT management platform allows unauthenticated users to register accounts, potentially leading to unauthorized system access.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52352

Affected Software: Aikaan IoT management platform

Affected Versions: v3.25.0325-5-g2e9c59796

Vulnerability: The platform relies on UI-level obfuscation to disable user sign-ups. Because the underlying API does not enforce this restriction, an unauthenticated attacker can bypass the intended configuration to create unauthorized accounts.

Business Impact

Assessed at a CVSS score of 9.8, this flaw allows for unauthorized account creation, which can be leveraged to gain administrative or user-level access to the IoT management platform. This compromises the entire device ecosystem managed by the platform, risking data exfiltration and unauthorized device control.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the Aikaan IoT management platform to the latest available version provided by the vendor. Ensure that the API-level sign-up restriction is active and verified.

Proactive Monitoring: Audit existing user accounts for unauthorized or suspicious entries that may have been created via the registration API.

Compensating Controls: Implement network-level restrictions to limit access to the registration API endpoint to trusted IP ranges only.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown

Analyst Notes: As of Aug 21, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The vulnerability is inherently exploitable by any remote user capable of interacting with the platform's registration API.

Analyst Recommendation

The reliance on UI-level controls for security-critical functions is a significant design flaw. Organizations using the Aikaan IoT management platform should treat this as a high-priority issue and ensure that the patch is applied as soon as the vendor makes it available to close the unauthorized registration vector.

Description Summary:
Aikaan IoT management platform v3.25.0325-5-g2e9c59796 exposes user passwords in plaintext via email and account activation URLs.

Executive Summary:
The Aikaan IoT management platform suffers from a critical credential exposure vulnerability that allows unauthorized access to user accounts via intercepted activation links or email logs.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52351

Affected Software: Aikaan IoT management platform

Affected Versions: 3.25.0325-5-g2e9c59796

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves the transmission of plaintext passwords through insecure channels, specifically via email notifications and account activation URL query parameters. An attacker with low privileges, or one capable of monitoring network traffic or logs, can capture these credentials to compromise account confidentiality and integrity.

Business Impact

The exposure of user credentials in plaintext presents a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of the entire IoT management environment. Given the high CVSS score of 8.8, this flaw could allow unauthorized actors to gain administrative or user-level access, leading to potential data exfiltration, device hijacking, or further lateral movement within the network.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Since no official patch is currently identified, administrators must disable new user account creation processes that rely on these insecure activation links and rotate credentials for any users onboarded through this method.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should audit proxy logs, browser history records, and mail server logs to identify instances where activation URLs containing sensitive parameters were logged or cached.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall to monitor and block requests containing sensitive information in URL query parameters, and enforce the use of secure, out-of-band password reset mechanisms rather than plaintext delivery.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists as documented in the security researcher's repository linked in the official references.

Analyst Notes: As of August 23, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation of this vulnerability in the wild. However, the presence of a published proof-of-concept demonstrating the password exposure mechanism necessitates immediate attention to prevent potential credential theft.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability represents a severe failure in secure credential handling practices. Organizations utilizing the affected version of the Aikaan IoT management platform must treat this as a high-priority risk and implement the suggested compensating controls immediately to protect against credential harvesting, pending further guidance or a security update from the vendor.

Description Summary:
A vulnerability in the DirectIo64.sys component of multiple PassMark products allows local attackers to access kernel memory and escalate privileges via a crafted IOCTL call.

Executive Summary:
Multiple PassMark software products contain a kernel-level vulnerability that allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges and compromise system integrity.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52347

Affected Software: PassMark BurnInTest, OSForensics, and PerformanceTest

Affected Versions: BurnInTest v11.0 Build 1011, OSForensics v11.1 Build 1007, and PerformanceTest v11.1 Build 1004

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves an improper implementation in the DirectIo64.sys driver, which permits a low-privileged local user to send a crafted IOCTL 0x8011E044 call to the driver. This action facilitates unauthorized access to kernel memory, leading to potential privilege escalation.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this flaw allows an attacker with local access to bypass security controls and gain elevated privileges, potentially leading to full system compromise. With a CVSS score of 7.8, this vulnerability represents a significant risk to organizational endpoints, as it enables malicious actors to execute arbitrary code with kernel-level permissions, bypassing standard user protections.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the affected PassMark products to the latest available versions as specified in the vendor release history documentation to patch the vulnerable driver.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor system logs for unusual kernel driver activity or unexpected attempts to interact with DirectIo64.sys using IOCTL codes.

Compensating Controls: Restrict local access to systems running these diagnostic tools and ensure that only authorized personnel can execute software with administrative or elevated privileges.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes — a public proof-of-concept exists in the researcher's GitHub repository linked in the official references.

Analyst Notes: As of May 3, 2026, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild, but a proof-of-concept has been published via the researcher's technical disclosure. The vulnerability is highly exploitable for any user with local access to the host machine.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for kernel-level privilege escalation, organizations must prioritize updating these diagnostic tools to the versions specified by PassMark. Failure to patch these components leaves local systems vulnerable to complete takeover by a malicious actor who has gained initial access to the host.

Description Summary:
A segmentation violation exists in the gf_hevc_read_sps_bs_internal function of the GPAC media framework during HEVC stream processing.

Executive Summary:
A memory-related vulnerability in GPAC's HEVC parsing logic could lead to service disruption or potential code execution.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52293

Affected Software: GPAC (media_tools/av_parsers)

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: This is a memory safety issue triggered by a segmentation violation during the parsing of HEVC Sequence Parameter Sets (SPS). An attacker could exploit this by providing a specially crafted media file to an application utilizing the affected library.

Business Impact

With a CVSS score of 7.5, this high-severity flaw poses a significant risk to applications relying on GPAC for video processing. Exploitation typically results in application crashes (DoS) or, depending on memory layout, the potential for remote code execution.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the GPAC library to the latest stable version provided by the vendor.

Proactive Monitoring: Review application crash logs for frequent segmentation faults or abnormal memory usage patterns in media parsing modules.

Compensating Controls: Implement input validation on uploaded media files and run processing services within sandboxed or containerized environments with limited privileges.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of June 15, 2026, there is no public information indicating active exploitation of this vulnerability. However, the nature of memory corruption flaws necessitates prompt remediation.

Analyst Recommendation

Organizations integrating GPAC into their media pipelines must prioritize updating their dependencies. Ensure that all media processing services are hardened to minimize the risk of exploitation via malformed input.

Description Summary:
A stack buffer overflow exists in the filein_process function, potentially allowing for arbitrary code execution or system instability.

Executive Summary:
A critical stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the filein_process function poses a significant risk of arbitrary code execution and system compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52292

Affected Software: Unknown

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for specific affected versions

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a stack-based buffer overflow located within the filein_process function. Attackers may trigger this flaw by providing specially crafted input to the affected file-processing routine.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized code execution, potentially granting an attacker full control over the affected system. Given the CVSS score of 7.5, this high-severity flaw threatens data integrity and system availability, which could result in significant operational disruption.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Identify systems utilizing the vulnerable software and apply vendor-supplied security patches as soon as they become available.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor system logs for abnormal crash reports or unexpected process terminations associated with file-processing functions.

Compensating Controls: Implement input validation at the network perimeter or application gateway to filter malformed files before they reach the vulnerable processing engine.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: false

Analyst Notes: As of June 15, 2026, there is no public information indicating active exploitation of this vulnerability. However, due to the nature of the flaw, the potential for exploitation is high.

Analyst Recommendation

Organizations should prioritize the identification of all instances of the affected software within their environment. Once identified, administrators must apply the latest security updates immediately upon release to mitigate the risk of remote code execution.

Description Summary:
A broken access control vulnerability in MagnusBilling v7.8.5.3 allows authenticated users to escalate privileges by manipulating account status fields via a crafted request.

Executive Summary:
A broken access control vulnerability in MagnusBilling v7.8.5.3 allows authenticated users to escalate privileges, posing a significant risk of unauthorized administrative access.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52289

Affected Software: MagnusBilling MagnusBilling

Affected Versions: v7.8.5.3

Vulnerability: The flaw is a broken access control issue located in the user registration and management function at /mbilling/index.php/user/save. An authenticated user can send a crafted request to modify their own account status from pending to active, effectively bypassing required administrator approval.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation allows an attacker to gain elevated privileges within the billing system. This can lead to full unauthorized access to sensitive financial data, customer records, and system settings, potentially resulting in severe operational disruption and regulatory non-compliance. Given the CVSS score of 8.0, this is a high-severity risk that demands immediate attention.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Since a specific patch version is currently unconfirmed, administrators should restrict registration access and monitor account creation processes closely. Review the provided GitHub commit history for the fix and apply the corresponding changes to the codebase.

Proactive Monitoring: Implement audit logging for all requests directed at the user management endpoints, specifically monitoring for unusual changes to account status parameters.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to inspect and block requests to /mbilling/index.php/user/save that contain unauthorized status modification attempts.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a public proof-of-concept exists as documented in GitHub repository Whit3-d3viL-hacker/CVE-2025-52289.

Analyst Notes: As of August 1, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is highly exploitable due to the predictable nature of the parameter manipulation.

Analyst Recommendation

The ability for a standard user to elevate their own privileges represents a critical failure in the application security model. Organizations currently running MagnusBilling v7.8.5.3 must prioritize the implementation of the vendor's fix or apply the necessary code patches to prevent unauthorized escalation. Continuous monitoring of user account changes is essential until the environment is fully secured.

Description Summary:
An assertion failure in the ngap_build_downlink_nas_transport function of Open5GS allows unauthenticated attackers to cause a denial of service via repeated message sequences.

Executive Summary:
An assertion failure vulnerability in the Open5GS Access and Mobility Management Function allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger a denial of service condition.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52288

Affected Software: Open5GS

Affected Versions: Through 2.7.5

Vulnerability: The flaw exists in the ngap_build_downlink_nas_transport function within the AMF component, where improper handling of UE connect and disconnect message sequences triggers an assertion failure. This vulnerability can be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker to crash the affected service.

Business Impact

The successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in a denial of service, which can cause significant operational disruption for telecommunications infrastructure relying on Open5GS. With a CVSS score of 7.5, the risk is categorized as High, reflecting the potential for complete service interruption despite the lack of direct data exfiltration or unauthorized access.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update Open5GS to a version beyond 2.7.5 that incorporates the fix provided in commit 5467da9763c300520f56bfbe0a7f5a7f980ec2f6.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor system logs for repeated, anomalous UE connect and disconnect patterns that may indicate a targeted attempt to trigger the assertion failure.

Compensating Controls: Implement rate limiting or traffic filtering at the network edge to mitigate the impact of rapid, repeated message sequences from untrusted sources.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof of concept exists, attributed to the vulnerability report on GitHub.

Analyst Notes: As of September 9, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation in the wild, though a published proof of concept exists. The vulnerability is inherently exploitable because it does not require authentication to trigger the crash.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for service instability and the availability of a public proof of concept, this vulnerability poses a credible risk to network availability. Organizations deploying Open5GS must prioritize applying the upstream patch immediately to prevent service disruption and ensure the stability of the AMF component.

Description Summary:
OperaMasks SDK ELite Script Engine version 0.5.0 contains a deserialization vulnerability that could allow for unauthorized code execution.

Executive Summary:
A deserialization vulnerability in the OperaMasks SDK ELite Script Engine 0.5.0 poses a high risk of system compromise through potential remote code execution.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52287

Affected Software: OperaMasks SDK ELite Script Engine

Affected Versions: 0.5.0

Vulnerability: The software is susceptible to a deserialization flaw, which typically allows an unauthenticated attacker to manipulate serialized data to achieve arbitrary code execution or cause a denial of service.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this deserialization vulnerability could lead to a full system compromise, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the affected application. Given the CVSS score of 8.8, this represents a high-severity risk that could result in significant data breaches, loss of system integrity, and potential disruption of critical business operations.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: As no official patch is currently identified, administrators should restrict access to the affected service and monitor vendor channels for emergency security updates or configuration guidance.

Proactive Monitoring: Review application and system access logs for unusual traffic patterns or serialized objects that deviate from standard operational behavior.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Web Application Firewall or network-level ingress filtering to block suspicious payloads that attempt to exploit deserialization vectors.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists, as evidenced by the technical write-up and references provided in the CVE record.

Analyst Notes: As of August 22, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The presence of public research write-ups indicates that the attack vector is documented and accessible to potential threat actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the high CVSS severity and the documented availability of proof-of-concept material, this vulnerability must be treated with urgency. Security teams should isolate affected instances from public-facing networks until a vendor-supplied patch is available and verified. Continuous monitoring for exploitation attempts is essential to detect potential malicious activity targeting this known deserialization flaw.

Description Summary:
StarCharge Artemis AC Charger version 1.0.4 contains a hardcoded AES key, allowing unauthenticated attackers to forge or decrypt valid login tokens.

Executive Summary:
A hardcoded cryptographic key in the StarCharge Artemis AC Charger allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass authentication and intercept or forge session tokens.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52268

Affected Software: StarCharge Artemis AC Charger

Affected Versions: 1.0.4

Vulnerability: The device utilizes a hardcoded AES key to manage authentication tokens. This flaw permits an unauthenticated remote attacker to generate valid session tokens or decrypt existing ones, effectively bypassing authentication mechanisms.

Business Impact

The ability to forge authentication tokens presents a critical risk to the integrity and confidentiality of the charger management systems. An attacker could gain unauthorized administrative access to the device, potentially leading to unauthorized control over charging operations or the compromise of sensitive network data. With a CVSS score of 7.5, this vulnerability is classified as High severity due to the ease of exploitation over a network without requiring prior authentication.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Contact StarCharge support or monitor the official vendor security portal for firmware updates addressing the hardcoded key. If no patch is available, isolate the affected chargers from public-facing networks to prevent remote access.

Proactive Monitoring: Review device access logs for suspicious administrative logins or abnormal patterns in token validation requests.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a hardware firewall or implement strict network segmentation to restrict access to the charger management interface to authorized IP addresses only.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes — a public proof-of-concept exists, attributed to the research write-up linked in the CVE reference repository.

Analyst Notes: As of October 28, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, a published proof-of-concept is available via the researcher's GitHub repository. The presence of a hardcoded secret in a network-accessible device makes this a high-risk entry point for unauthorized actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the critical nature of hardcoded credentials, administrators must prioritize restricting network access to the affected hardware. While a specific firmware patch is not yet confirmed, organizations should engage with the vendor immediately to determine the upgrade path and ensure all devices are moved behind robust perimeter defenses to mitigate the risk of unauthorized remote exploitation.

Description Summary:
The Web Configuration module in Startcharge Artemis AC Charger 7-22 kW version 1.0.4 allows authenticated network-adjacent attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution via crafted firmware uploads.

Executive Summary:
A critical vulnerability in the Startcharge Artemis AC Charger allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code through malicious firmware uploads.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52263

Affected Software: Startcharge Artemis AC Charger 7-22 kW

Affected Versions: v1.0.4

Vulnerability: This vulnerability resides in the Web Configuration module of the device. It permits an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker to upload crafted firmware, resulting in full system compromise via arbitrary code execution.

Business Impact

The ability for an attacker to execute arbitrary code on charging infrastructure poses a severe risk to operational integrity and safety. With a CVSS score of 8.0, this flaw could lead to complete device takeover, potentially enabling lateral movement into the broader facility network or the physical sabotage of charging operations.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Contact the vendor immediately to obtain and apply the necessary firmware update to address this vulnerability.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor network traffic for unauthorized access attempts to the Web Configuration interface and review system logs for unusual firmware upload activity.

Compensating Controls: Restrict access to the charger's web management interface to trusted administrative IP addresses only, and isolate the charger on a segmented VLAN to minimize network-adjacent exposure.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a public proof-of-concept exists as documented in the researcher write-up referenced by the CVE record.

Analyst Notes: As of October 28, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation of this vulnerability in the wild. However, the presence of a technical write-up detailing the attack vector makes exploitation a credible risk for organizations deploying these chargers.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for arbitrary code execution and the availability of technical details regarding the exploit, this vulnerability should be treated with high urgency. Administrators must prioritize updating the firmware on all affected Artemis AC units and ensure that network-level access controls are strictly enforced to prevent unauthorized configuration changes.

Description Summary:
ZKEACMS version 4.1 contains an arbitrary file upload vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code on the host system.

Executive Summary:
An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in ZKEACMS version 4.1 allows unauthenticated remote code execution, posing a critical risk to the host environment.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52239

Affected Software: ZKEACMS

Affected Versions: v4.1

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves the improper validation of file uploads, which permits an unauthenticated attacker to upload and execute malicious files on the server.

Business Impact

The ability to execute arbitrary code provides an attacker with complete control over the affected server, leading to potential data exfiltration, system compromise, and lateral movement within the network. Given the CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability is classified as critical, as it requires no authentication and minimal complexity to achieve full system impact.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Identify all instances of ZKEACMS v4.1 and restrict access to the application until a vendor-supplied patch is installed.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server access logs for suspicious file upload requests or attempts to access non-standard file types in upload directories.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to block unauthorized file uploads and restrict access to administrative endpoints from untrusted networks.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes — a public proof-of-concept exists as documented in the provided researcher write-up.

Analyst Notes: As of August 4, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is highly accessible due to the lack of required authentication.

Analyst Recommendation

The critical nature of this remote code execution vulnerability necessitates immediate attention. Administrators must prioritize the identification of exposed ZKEACMS instances and apply the necessary security patches or vendor-provided mitigations as soon as they become available to prevent unauthorized system takeover.

Description Summary:
SelectZero Data Observability Platform before 2025.5.2 is vulnerable to content spoofing and text injection due to improper input sanitization on the login page.

Executive Summary:
A content spoofing and text injection vulnerability in the SelectZero Data Observability Platform allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate the login page interface.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52218

Affected Software: SelectZero Data Observability Platform

Affected Versions: Before 2025.5.2

Vulnerability: This is a content spoofing and text injection vulnerability caused by improper sanitization of unspecified parameters. An unauthenticated attacker can inject arbitrary text or limited HTML into the application login page.

Business Impact

The vulnerability carries a CVSS score of 7.5, reflecting a significant risk to the integrity of the user interface. Attackers can leverage this flaw to conduct phishing campaigns or social engineering attacks by presenting fraudulent information on a trusted login portal, which may lead to credential theft and organizational reputational damage.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the SelectZero Data Observability Platform to version 2025.5.2 or later as specified in the official vendor change log.

Proactive Monitoring: Audit web server and application access logs for unusual patterns involving unexpected characters or scripts injected into login-related URL parameters.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with configured rules to detect and block malicious HTML or script tags within incoming HTTP requests targeting the authentication endpoint.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: No — there is no evidence of a public exploit for this vulnerability.

Analyst Notes: As of August 27, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw is inherently exploitable by any remote user without authentication, making prompt patching advisable.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for this vulnerability to facilitate credential harvesting through deceptive login pages, organizations should prioritize the update to version 2025.5.2. Failure to remediate could expose users to sophisticated phishing attempts that bypass standard security awareness indicators due to the legitimacy of the host platform.

Description Summary:
A stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in the DevaslanPHP project-management ticket system allows authenticated attackers to execute malicious scripts in the context of other users.

Executive Summary:
An authenticated stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in DevaslanPHP project-management version 1.2.4 poses a significant risk of unauthorized script execution within user sessions.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52203

Affected Software: DevaslanPHP project-management

Affected Versions: 1.2.4

Vulnerability: The application fails to sanitize user-supplied input within the Ticket Name field, allowing an authenticated attacker to inject malicious JavaScript. This payload is stored in the database and executes in the browser of any user who views the affected dashboard.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of an authenticated user session. This can lead to session hijacking, unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the victim, or the exfiltration of sensitive information displayed on the dashboard. Given the CVSS score of 7.6, this flaw represents a high risk that could compromise the integrity and confidentiality of the project management environment.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Review the official DevaslanPHP GitHub repository for updates and apply any available security patches that address input sanitization in the ticket management module.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor application access logs and database entries for suspicious strings containing script tags or abnormal characters within ticket-related fields.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) configured to inspect and block malicious script injection attempts targeting ticket submission endpoints.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes — a published proof-of-concept exists as documented in the research repository referenced by the CVE record.

Analyst Notes: As of August 1, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The flaw is inherently dangerous due to the persistent nature of stored XSS, which ensures the payload triggers automatically when victims access the dashboard.

Analyst Recommendation

Organizations utilizing DevaslanPHP project-management must prioritize the mitigation of this stored XSS vulnerability. Until a vendor-supplied patch is confirmed and applied, administrators should restrict access to ticket creation to trusted users and implement strict input validation at the application layer to prevent the storage of malicious payloads.

Description Summary:
A Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability in Ctera Portal 8.1.x allows unauthenticated remote attackers to force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests via crafted HTML iframes.

Executive Summary:
Ctera Portal 8.1.x is affected by a critical Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to perform unauthorized requests from the server context.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52196

Affected Software: Ctera Portal

Affected Versions: 8.1.x (8.1.1417.24)

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) flaw occurring in Ctera Portal 8.1.x. An unauthenticated attacker can supply a crafted HTML file containing an iframe to induce the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests to internal or external resources.

Business Impact

The ability for an unauthenticated attacker to force the server to perform arbitrary requests poses a significant risk to internal network security. By leveraging the server as a proxy, attackers may bypass network access controls, access sensitive internal services, or interact with metadata endpoints. With a CVSS score of 7.5, this high-severity vulnerability warrants immediate attention to prevent lateral movement and potential data exfiltration from internal systems.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Review the Ctera knowledge base article at https://kb.ctera.com/docs/81x-portal to identify available security updates and apply the latest patch for version 8.1.x.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor server access logs for anomalous outbound HTTP requests originating from the Ctera Portal instance, particularly those directed toward internal IP ranges.

Compensating Controls: Implement strict egress filtering on the firewall for the Ctera Portal server to prevent it from initiating unauthorized connections to sensitive internal or external endpoints.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes — a published proof-of-concept exists, attributed to the research write-up referenced in the CVE record.

Analyst Notes: As of December 18, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation in the wild. However, because the vulnerability allows for unauthenticated interaction and a public proof-of-concept is available via the researcher's GitHub gist, the risk of exploitation should be considered elevated.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability is highly concerning due to its unauthenticated nature and the potential for internal network reconnaissance. Administrators must prioritize updating the Ctera Portal instance as soon as the vendor releases a fix. Until the patch is applied, ensure the portal is not exposed to untrusted networks and restrict its ability to communicate with internal infrastructure that does not require direct access.

Description Summary:
A buffer overflow in libsndfile 1.2.2 and earlier during IRCAM header processing allows potential code execution via malformed audio files.

Executive Summary:
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in libsndfile, affecting version 1.2.2 and earlier, poses a high risk of memory corruption and potential remote code execution.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52194

Affected Software: libsndfile libsndfile

Affected Versions: 1.2.2 and earlier

Vulnerability: This vulnerability is a buffer overflow occurring within the ircam_read_header function in src/ircam.c, triggered when the library processes a malformed IRCAM audio file. The flaw is unauthenticated, as it requires only that an application using the library parses a malicious file.

Business Impact

The vulnerability carries a CVSS score of 7.5, reflecting a significant risk to availability and system integrity. Because libsndfile is widely integrated into various media processing applications, successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution, potentially resulting in complete system compromise or denial of service for critical media infrastructure.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Users should monitor the official libsndfile GitHub repository for the release of a patched version and apply updates immediately upon availability. If an update is not yet available, restrict the processing of untrusted IRCAM audio files.

Proactive Monitoring: Review application logs for unexpected crashes or error patterns specifically related to audio file parsing or memory access violations.

Compensating Controls: Implement input validation or sandboxing for any services that utilize libsndfile to parse user-supplied audio data, ensuring that malicious files cannot reach the vulnerable function.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown.

Analyst Notes: As of August 23, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. The flaw is inherently dangerous due to its location in a common media parsing routine, which often processes untrusted input in high-privilege contexts.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for code execution, this vulnerability should be treated with high priority. Organizations using software that relies on libsndfile should audit their dependencies and prepare for an emergency update cycle as soon as the vendor provides a fix. Until then, treat all IRCAM files from external sources as potentially malicious.

Description Summary:
GetProjectsIdea Create School Management System 1.0 contains a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability within the my_profile_update_form1.php script.

Executive Summary:
A stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the GetProjectsIdea Create School Management System 1.0 allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary scripts in a user's browser.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52187

Affected Software: GetProjectsIdea Create School Management System

Affected Versions: 1.0

Vulnerability: This is a stored XSS vulnerability located in the my_profile_update_form1.php file. The vulnerability requires the attacker to be authenticated with low privileges to inject malicious scripts that execute in the context of other users.

Business Impact

The CVSS score of 8.2 (High) reflects the potential for significant impact despite requiring authentication. Successful exploitation allows an attacker to hijack user sessions, perform actions on behalf of victims, or redirect users to malicious sites, potentially leading to unauthorized data access or the compromise of administrative accounts.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: As no official patch is currently available, administrators should restrict access to the affected profile update functionality and implement strict input validation on the my_profile_update_form1.php endpoint.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server access logs for anomalous POST requests to the profile update script and monitor for unexpected script execution or suspicious redirects within the application.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with custom rules designed to detect and block XSS patterns in form submissions to provide a virtual patch until a formal update is released.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists as detailed in the security research write-up referenced by the CVE record.

Analyst Notes: As of July 31, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of user-supplied input before rendering it in the browser.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the existence of a public proof-of-concept, the risk of exploitation is elevated. Administrators should prioritize the implementation of input sanitization and output encoding within the source code of the affected module to neutralize the vulnerability while awaiting an official vendor fix.

Description Summary:
Scholl Communications AG Weblication CMS Core v019.004.000.000 contains a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability that may allow for unauthorized script execution.

Executive Summary:
A critical cross-site scripting vulnerability in Scholl Communications AG Weblication CMS Core permits unauthenticated attackers to potentially compromise system integrity and user sessions.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52161

Affected Software: Scholl Communications AG Weblication CMS Core

Affected Versions: v019.004.000.000

Vulnerability: The application suffers from a cross-site scripting flaw that does not require authentication to trigger, as indicated by the CVSS vector AV:N/PR:N/UI:N. This vulnerability allows an attacker to inject malicious scripts into the web application, which are then executed in the context of the victim's session.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability poses a severe risk to organizational security, as it can lead to full session hijacking, the theft of sensitive user data, and unauthorized actions performed on behalf of authenticated administrators. Given the CVSS score of 9.8, this flaw represents a critical threat that could lead to complete compromise of the affected web application and its associated data environment.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Administrators should immediately restrict access to the affected CMS instance and contact the vendor to obtain the necessary security update or configuration workaround.

Proactive Monitoring: Security teams should monitor web traffic logs for suspicious script injections or unusual patterns in HTTP requests directed at the CMS core components.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with robust XSS protection rules to inspect incoming traffic and block payloads designed to exploit this vulnerability.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Unknown.

Analyst Notes: As of Sep 8, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation or a public proof-of-concept for this vulnerability. While the lack of a known exploit reduces immediate urgency, the high severity of the flaw necessitates prompt attention once a patch is provided.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the critical nature of this vulnerability, organizations should prioritize the identification and isolation of any systems running the affected version of Weblication CMS Core. Ensure that vendor communication channels are monitored for the release of an official patch, and apply it as soon as it becomes available to prevent potential exploitation.

Description Summary:
PPress CMS version 0.0.9 contains hardcoded credentials in its default configuration, which may facilitate unauthorized access or session forgery.

Executive Summary:
The PPress CMS platform contains hardcoded credentials that expose the application to unauthorized access and potential remote command execution.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52159

Affected Software: PPress CMS

Affected Versions: 0.0.9

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves the presence of hardcoded credentials within the default configuration of the application. An authenticated user can leverage these credentials to facilitate session forgery or server side template injection, which may result in remote command execution.

Business Impact

The presence of hardcoded credentials represents a severe security failure that bypasses standard authentication controls. With a CVSS score of 8.8, this flaw poses a high risk of total system compromise, including unauthorized data access, modification of system configurations, and potential full administrative control over the underlying server.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Since no official patch is currently available, administrators should immediately restrict access to the PPress CMS interface and audit the configuration files for unauthorized credentials.

Proactive Monitoring: Review application access logs for unusual administrative activity or patterns indicative of session forgery and template injection attempts.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall with rules configured to detect and block malicious payloads targeting the PPress CMS administrative endpoints.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists as documented in the security researcher's technical write-up.

Analyst Notes: As of September 19, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is highly dangerous because it allows an attacker to chain the credential issue into remote command execution.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS severity and the availability of public technical details regarding the exploit chain, this vulnerability must be treated with high priority. Organizations using PPress CMS version 0.0.9 should isolate the affected service from public networks until a vendor-supplied patch is implemented and verified.

Description Summary:
A server-side template injection (SSTI) vulnerability in the Freeform plugin for CraftCMS allows unauthenticated attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution via form submission titles.

Executive Summary:
The Freeform plugin for CraftCMS is vulnerable to server-side template injection, which permits unauthenticated remote code execution and poses a critical risk to site integrity.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52122

Affected Software: Solspace Freeform

Affected Versions: 5.0.0 through 5.10.15

Vulnerability: The vulnerability is a server-side template injection (SSTI) flaw located within the form submission handling logic. It allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject arbitrary code that is executed by the underlying server.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation grants an attacker full control over the affected CraftCMS environment, leading to complete system compromise. Given the CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability represents an extreme risk, enabling unauthorized data access, lateral movement within the hosting infrastructure, and total service disruption.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update the Freeform plugin to version 5.10.16 or later immediately to incorporate the vendor-supplied security fix.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server and application logs for suspicious characters or patterns in submission title fields, which may indicate attempted template injection.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules configured to detect and block common template injection payloads targeting CMS environments.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a public proof-of-concept exists via the GitHub repository provided in the enrichment data.

Analyst Notes: As of August 27, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The flaw is highly accessible as it does not require prior authentication to trigger.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability is critical due to the lack of required authentication and the potential for full system compromise. Administrators must prioritize updating the Solspace Freeform plugin to version 5.10.16 immediately to eliminate the injection vector. Failure to remediate this flaw exposes the entire CraftCMS instance to potential remote code execution attacks.

Description Summary:
linjiashop version 0.9 and earlier contains an incorrect access control flaw in its JWT authentication mechanism, allowing unauthenticated attackers to retrieve encrypted credentials for brute-force.

Executive Summary:
A critical authentication bypass vulnerability in linjiashop versions 0.9 and earlier allows unauthenticated attackers to extract encrypted user credentials, posing a severe risk of account compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52101

Affected Software: linjiashop linjiashop

Affected Versions: <=0.9

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves incorrect access control within the default JWT authentication implementation, which permits an unauthenticated attacker to bypass security checks and retrieve sensitive password and salt data.

Business Impact

The ability for an unauthenticated party to retrieve encrypted credentials significantly increases the risk of successful unauthorized access to the application. Given the CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability is classified as critical, as it provides a clear path for attackers to conduct offline brute-force attacks against user accounts, potentially leading to full system compromise and unauthorized data access.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Review the official linjiashop repository for the latest version release and apply the update immediately. If a patch is not available, consider disabling the default JWT authentication mechanism until a secure alternative is implemented.

Proactive Monitoring: Inspect application and server access logs for anomalous, high-frequency requests to authentication-related endpoints that deviate from standard user traffic patterns.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall to block suspicious requests targeting the JWT authentication endpoint and monitor for unauthorized attempts to access sensitive data fields.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists as documented in the referenced GitHub Gist.

Analyst Notes: As of July 1, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild. However, because a published proof-of-concept exists via the linked research, the risk of exploitation should be treated as highly credible and imminent.

Analyst Recommendation

Due to the critical severity and the ease of exploitation, organizations running linjiashop 0.9 or earlier must prioritize remediation. The exposure of password hashes via unauthenticated access provides a direct vector for credential harvesting, making immediate patching or the implementation of strict network access controls essential to prevent compromise.

Description Summary:
A vulnerability exists in SQLite3 involving an integer overflow. This flaw may potentially lead to memory corruption or instability depending on the specific implementation.

Executive Summary:
An integer overflow vulnerability in SQLite3 poses a significant risk to applications relying on the library, potentially leading to system instability or arbitrary code execution.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52099

Affected Software: SQLite SQLite3

Affected Versions: See vendor advisory for affected versions

Vulnerability: This is an integer overflow vulnerability within the SQLite3 library. The flaw occurs during memory allocation or data processing, which can be triggered by specifically crafted inputs that cause an arithmetic wrap-around.

Business Impact

The CVSS score of 7.5 indicates a high severity risk that could lead to application crashes or denial of service. If exploited successfully, this vulnerability may allow an attacker to bypass security controls or execute arbitrary code, resulting in potential data theft or unauthorized access to the underlying host system.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Monitor official SQLite release channels and documentation for the specific patch version and update the library as soon as a fix is released.

Proactive Monitoring: Review application logs for unusual crashes or unexpected process terminations that may indicate attempted exploitation of memory corruption flaws.

Compensating Controls: Implement memory protection features at the operating system level, such as Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) and Data Execution Prevention (DEP), to increase the difficulty of exploiting memory-based vulnerabilities.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a public proof-of-concept exists on GitHub.

Analyst Notes: As of October 24, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild, but a public proof-of-concept repository has been identified. Given the ubiquity of SQLite in modern software stacks, the potential attack surface is broad and warrants prioritized patching once the vendor provides a stable update.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high CVSS score and the existence of a public proof-of-concept, organizations must prioritize tracking this vulnerability. Security teams should identify all instances of SQLite3 within their environment, ensure they are prepared to deploy updates immediately upon vendor release, and maintain heightened monitoring for any anomalous behavior in applications utilizing this library.

Description Summary:
The D-Link DIR-820L router contains an improper access control vulnerability allowing authenticated attackers to modify the administrator password via a crafted POST request.

Executive Summary:
A critical access control flaw in D-Link DIR-820L firmware allows authenticated attackers to perform unauthorized password changes, potentially leading to full administrative takeover.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52079

Affected Software: D-Link DIR-820L

Affected Versions: 1.06B02

Vulnerability: This vulnerability involves improper access control within the administrative password setting function. An authenticated attacker can trigger an unverified password change by sending a specifically crafted POST request to the /get_set.ccp endpoint.

Business Impact

The ability for an attacker to modify the administrator password grants them complete control over the affected networking device. This compromise can facilitate unauthorized network traffic interception, configuration changes, and persistent access to the internal network, posing a significant risk to data confidentiality and integrity. With a CVSS score of 8.8, this vulnerability represents a high-severity threat that requires immediate attention from IT security teams.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: As no patch is currently confirmed, restrict administrative access to the device to trusted IP addresses only and disable remote management interfaces.

Proactive Monitoring: Review device access logs for unusual POST requests directed at the /get_set.ccp endpoint and monitor for unexpected changes to administrative credentials.

Compensating Controls: Implement network-level segmentation to isolate the router management interface from untrusted segments and utilize a firewall to block unauthorized access to the device administration port.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a public proof-of-concept exists as documented in the research repository linked by the CVE record.

Analyst Notes: As of October 22, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation in the wild. The existence of a publicly available proof-of-concept repository increases the risk of exploitation by opportunistic actors.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the potential for total administrative takeover, organizations utilizing the D-Link DIR-820L must treat this vulnerability with high urgency. Even in the absence of a vendor-supplied patch, administrators should immediately implement the recommended compensating controls to minimize the attack surface. Continue to monitor the official D-Link security bulletin for firmware updates and apply them as soon as they become available.

Description Summary:
A command injection vulnerability in the TOTOLINK X6000R router allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary system commands via a crafted file_name parameter.

Executive Summary:
The TOTOLINK X6000R router contains a critical command injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote code execution, posing a severe risk to network integrity.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52053

Affected Software: TOTOLINK X6000R

Affected Versions: V9.4.0cu.1360_B20241207

Vulnerability: The vulnerability exists within the sub_417D74 function, which improperly sanitizes the file_name parameter, allowing unauthenticated attackers to inject and execute arbitrary system commands.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability grants an attacker full control over the affected device, potentially leading to total system compromise, unauthorized data access, and the ability to use the router as a pivot point for further internal network attacks. Given the CVSS score of 9.8, this flaw represents a critical risk to business continuity and information security.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Disconnect affected devices from public-facing networks until a vendor-supplied firmware update is applied to address the command injection flaw.

Proactive Monitoring: Review device logs for unusual process execution or attempts to access the sub_417D74 function, and monitor internal network traffic for lateral movement originating from the router.

Compensating Controls: Implement strict ingress filtering at the network perimeter and disable remote management interfaces to prevent external access to the vulnerable function.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists, attributed to the research write-up referenced in the CVE record.

Analyst Notes: As of Sep 15, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The command injection nature of this flaw makes it highly susceptible to automated exploitation.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability is critical due to the lack of authentication requirements and the potential for full system control. Administrators must prioritize the application of vendor patches as soon as they become available and restrict network exposure of the X6000R device immediately to mitigate the risk of unauthorized remote code execution.

Description Summary:
Frappe ERPNext v15.57.5 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the get_stock_balance function, allowing unauthenticated attackers to extract database information via the inventory_dimensions_dict parameter.

Executive Summary:
A critical SQL injection vulnerability in Frappe ERPNext version 15.57.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to exfiltrate sensitive database information.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52044

Affected Software: Frappe ERPNext

Affected Versions: 15.57.5

Vulnerability: The application fails to properly sanitize the inventory_dimensions_dict parameter within the get_stock_balance function located in erpnext/stock/utils.py. This flaw permits an unauthenticated attacker to inject malicious SQL queries and extract data directly from the backend database.

Business Impact

The ability for an unauthenticated user to perform arbitrary database queries poses a significant risk to data confidentiality. A successful exploit could lead to the unauthorized disclosure of proprietary business data, customer records, or financial information, potentially resulting in regulatory noncompliance and severe reputational harm. Given the CVSS score of 7.5, this high-severity vulnerability must be prioritized to prevent potential data breaches.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Organizations should review the referenced GitHub pull request to identify the required code changes and apply the fix to the affected erpnext/stock/utils.py file. If a formal vendor patch is not yet available, restrict access to the affected inventory endpoints until the patch is deployed.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor database access logs for unusual query patterns, specifically those containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP, originating from unexpected IP addresses.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with updated rulesets designed to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting common ERP parameters.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a public proof-of-concept exists via the researcher's disclosure on GitHub.

Analyst Notes: As of September 17, 2025, there is no public information indicating active exploitation in the wild; however, a published proof-of-concept exists via the technical write-up provided by the vulnerability researchers. The flaw is inherently dangerous due to its unauthenticated nature and the ease of programmatic exploitation.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability represents a high risk to the integrity and confidentiality of the ERPNext environment. Security teams must treat this as a priority update, leveraging the provided commit information to verify their current version and apply the necessary code-level remediation immediately to block unauthorized database access.

Description Summary:
Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the get_rfq_containing_supplier function, allowing unauthenticated attackers to extract database information via the txt parameter.

Executive Summary:
A critical SQL injection vulnerability in Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to extract sensitive database information.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52042

Affected Software: Frappe ERPNext

Affected Versions: 15.57.5

Vulnerability: The application fails to properly sanitize input in the get_rfq_containing_supplier function within the file erpnext/buying/doctype/request_for_quotation/request_for_quotation.py. An unauthenticated attacker can supply a malicious SQL query via the txt parameter to exfiltrate data from the underlying database.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability permits unauthorized access to sensitive business data stored within the ERPNext database. Given the CVSS score of 8.2, this represents a high risk that could lead to full data compromise, loss of confidentiality, and regulatory non-compliance.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Review the vendor GitHub pull request 49192 to identify the specific code fix and apply the corresponding patch to your instance immediately.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor server logs for suspicious HTTP requests containing SQL syntax or unusual patterns in the txt parameter associated with the request_for_quotation endpoint.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules configured to detect and block common SQL injection patterns in incoming URI parameters.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes — a published proof-of-concept exists via the researcher's technical disclosure.

Analyst Notes: As of October 2, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is highly exploitable due to the lack of required authentication.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability presents a significant risk to the confidentiality of organizational data. Administrators should prioritize patching the vulnerable function identified in the provided technical references. If an immediate update is not feasible, ensure that rigorous WAF filtering is active to block malicious injection attempts until the software can be updated.

Description Summary:
Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the get_stock_balance_for function, allowing unauthenticated attackers to extract database information via the inventory_dimensions_dict parameter.

Executive Summary:
A critical SQL injection vulnerability in Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to perform unauthorized database queries and data extraction.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52041

Affected Software: Frappe ERPNext

Affected Versions: 15.57.5

Vulnerability: This is an SQL injection vulnerability located within the get_stock_balance_for() function in the stock_reconciliation.py file. The flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject malicious SQL queries through the inventory_dimensions_dict parameter to exfiltrate sensitive data.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability permits unauthorized access to the underlying database, potentially leading to the full compromise of ERP data, including financial records and inventory information. With a CVSS score of 8.2, this vulnerability represents a significant risk to data confidentiality and integrity, necessitating immediate attention to prevent potential data breaches.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Review the official Frappe ERPNext repository for patch releases or backported fixes, specifically referencing commit eb22794f14351c2ff5731548c48bef0b91765c86, and apply updates as soon as they are available.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor application logs for suspicious database query patterns or unusually long execution times that may indicate automated SQL injection attempts against the stock reconciliation module.

Compensating Controls: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules configured to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the inventory_dimensions_dict parameter.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists, as documented in the vulnerability disclosure linked in the enrichment references.

Analyst Notes: As of October 2, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is inherently dangerous because it is remotely exploitable without authentication and is automatable.

Analyst Recommendation

Given the high severity and the availability of a public proof-of-concept, organizations running Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 must treat this vulnerability with high urgency. Administrators should prioritize applying the vendor provided fix once released and restrict access to the affected endpoint until the patch is successfully deployed.

Description Summary:
Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the get_blanket_orders function, allowing unauthenticated attackers to extract sensitive database information.

Executive Summary:
An unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerability in Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 allows remote attackers to perform unauthorized database queries and extract sensitive information.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52040

Affected Software: Frappe ERPNext

Affected Versions: 15.57.5

Vulnerability: The application is vulnerable to SQL injection via the blanket_order_type parameter in the get_blanket_orders function located within erpnext/controllers/queries.py. This flaw permits an unauthenticated attacker to inject malicious SQL queries to bypass security controls and retrieve data from the backend database.

Business Impact

The ability to perform unauthenticated SQL injection poses a severe risk to data confidentiality and integrity. Given the CVSS score of 8.2, this vulnerability could lead to the total exposure of sensitive business data stored within the ERP system, potentially resulting in regulatory non-compliance, loss of intellectual property, and significant reputational damage.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Update Frappe ERPNext to a version that incorporates the fix provided in the vendor pull request (commit 1db135262d9474411ef54e3367d24bb169d2503e).

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor database query logs for syntax errors, unexpected UNION operators, or unusual access patterns originating from the get_blanket_orders endpoint.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with updated rulesets designed to detect and block SQL injection patterns in HTTP requests targeting the ERPNext framework.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a technical write-up containing attack details has been published by a security researcher.

Analyst Notes: As of October 2, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is highly accessible due to the unauthenticated nature of the affected endpoint.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability represents a high-risk entry point for unauthorized actors to compromise the integrity and confidentiality of the Frappe ERPNext environment. Organizations are strongly advised to verify their current version and apply the upstream patch immediately to prevent potential data exfiltration.

Description Summary:
Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the get_material_requests_based_on_supplier function, allowing unauthenticated attackers to extract sensitive database information.

Executive Summary:
An unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerability in Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 poses a critical risk of unauthorized data exfiltration.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52039

Affected Software: Frappe ERPNext

Affected Versions: 15.57.5

Vulnerability: The application fails to properly sanitize input within the txt parameter of the get_material_requests_based_on_supplier function located in erpnext/stock/doctype/material_request/material_request.py. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the underlying database.

Business Impact

The ability for an unauthenticated attacker to perform SQL injection directly threatens the confidentiality and integrity of the organization's ERP data. Given the CVSS score of 8.2, this vulnerability could lead to the complete compromise of sensitive business records, financial information, or customer data, resulting in severe regulatory and reputational consequences.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Review the provided vendor pull request and apply the corresponding security patch to the erpnext/stock/doctype/material_request/material_request.py file.

Proactive Monitoring: Monitor database query logs for suspicious patterns, specifically looking for unusual syntax or high volumes of unexpected queries originating from the material request endpoint.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with strict SQL injection protection rules to filter malicious input directed at the vulnerable material request parameter.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes — a published proof-of-concept exists as documented in the vulnerability disclosure referenced in the enrichment data.

Analyst Notes: As of October 2, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The vulnerability is highly accessible as it does not require authentication to trigger.

Analyst Recommendation

This vulnerability represents a significant security risk due to its potential for unauthenticated data exfiltration. System administrators should prioritize the application of the vendor-provided fix immediately. If a formal patch is not yet available through your distribution channel, apply the logic changes from the official commit to mitigate the risk until an official update is released.

Description Summary:
A SQL injection vulnerability in the edit_product.php file of Online Shopping System Advanced 1.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the product_id GET parameter.

Executive Summary:
An unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerability in PuneethReddyHC Online Shopping System Advanced version 1.0 poses a critical risk of full database compromise.

Vulnerability Details

CVE-ID: CVE-2025-52021

Affected Software: PuneethReddyHC Online Shopping System Advanced

Affected Versions: 1.0

Vulnerability: This is a classic SQL injection flaw where the product_id parameter is passed to a backend SQL query without sufficient sanitization, allowing an unauthenticated remote attacker to manipulate database queries.

Business Impact

Successful exploitation allows an attacker to bypass authentication, read sensitive data, modify database content, or potentially execute administrative operations. Given the CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability is categorized as critical, as it provides a direct path to total data loss or system takeover.

Remediation Plan

Immediate Action: Since no official patch is currently available, administrators should restrict access to the affected script or disable the vulnerable component entirely until a secure update is released.

Proactive Monitoring: Review web server access logs for suspicious GET requests containing SQL syntax, such as UNION, SELECT, or OR statements, directed at edit_product.php.

Compensating Controls: Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules configured to detect and block SQL injection patterns in URL parameters to mitigate the risk of exploitation.

Exploitation Status

Public Exploit Available: Yes, a published proof-of-concept exists, attributed to the security researcher's write-up referenced in the GitHub gist.

Analyst Notes: As of Oct 7, 2025, there is no confirmed active exploitation in the wild; however, per CISA's SSVC assessment a proof-of-concept exists, so exploitation risk should be treated as credible. The flaw is inherently dangerous due to the lack of input validation on a public-facing parameter.

Analyst Recommendation

The severity of this vulnerability necessitates immediate attention. Organizations utilizing PuneethReddyHC Online Shopping System Advanced 1.0 must prioritize the implementation of compensating controls, such as WAF filtering, to block malicious input. As there is no vendor patch, constant vigilance and network isolation are recommended until the developer provides a secure version.